The pyramid is part of the ritual and burial complex of the earthly ruler: the pharaoh. Therefore, with all the differences, in addition to the general form, all the pyramids also have a common internal structure, which is due to the obligatory presence of the hall in which the pharaoh's sarcophagus was installed and the passages leading to it. Let's see how they are arranged egyptian pyramids inside on the example of the tomb of Cheops - the highest stone structure in the world.

The only entrance, which was provided by the ancient builders, is located on the northern side of the pyramid structure at a height of 12 meters from the ground. Once this entrance was hidden by cladding slabs, but already at the end of the 18th century, the first European scientists who explored this wonder of the world - the French, saw it open, because by that time people and time had already deprived the ancient building of facing slabs.

Inside the pyramid of Cheops there is a passage-corridor, which has an almost square section. The angle of inclination of the corridor, apparently, was not chosen arbitrarily - it coincides with the angle at which the ancient Egyptians could observe the North Star. Therefore, the first researchers had to face certain difficulties - then there were no railings, which are now made for the convenience of tourists, and the feet slid along the polished stone floor slabs. Yes, and with ventilation then it was incomparably worse than today (although even now it is far from ideal). The corridor sometimes narrowed to such an extent that they had to crawl on their haunches. Now, again, for the benefit of tourists, everything has been “corrected”.

Pyramid of Cheops inside

Unlike most other similar structures in Egypt, which have one burial chamber, the most famous pyramidal collos has three of them. One of them - underground - is located below the base of the structure, cut directly into the natural foundation. However, this chamber was not completely finished. Apparently, the plans of the builders have changed, and the other two chambers are already located directly in the above-ground stone body of the giant structure. For a long time, scholars explained this by the fact that the pharaoh wanted the tomb to be ready for a possible funeral ceremony at any stage of construction. And when the builders started building the next chamber, located above, the need for an underground chamber disappeared.

This theory does not explain why all other similar structures have a burial chamber below the base line. Only the pyramids of the pharaohs Snefru and Cheops have burial chambers inside above the base in the thickness of the masonry. A significant number of modern Egyptologists believe that such an arrangement of chambers in the tomb of Cheops was associated with certain religious views of the ancient inhabitants of Egypt. Briefly, this theory is as follows. There are facts that allow us to conclude that Cheops began to be revered as the god Ra during his lifetime.

The pyramid of this pharaoh is called the "Horizon of Khufu", which meant that he, like the god Ra himself, rises every day to the horizon. The sons and successors of Cheops, Djedefra and Chefren, became the first pharaohs whose titles contain the epithet - "son of Ra". That is, Khufu was identified with Ra, so his burial chamber should be located above the ground and closer to the sky - where the real sun is visible. True, it should be noted that in relation to Pharaoh Sneferu, no facts have yet been found that would make it possible to interpret the location of his burial chamber in this way.

But back to what is Cheops pyramid inside. From the corridor leading down to the underground chamber, at approximately ground level, an upward passage begins. From it you can get into a small gallery, and then into a small chamber, called the queen's chamber. One of the underground "junctions" If you don’t turn towards the queen’s room, but go further, then the Great Gallery will begin, having a length of 47 and a height of 8.5 meters. This magnificent gallery is a unique architectural structure. The ancient masters laid the limestone slabs of the false vault in such a way that each subsequent layer overlapped the previous one by 5-6 cm. The limestone slabs framing the walls are polished to a shine and pressed to each other with amazing accuracy - even the blade of a thin knife would not pass at the joints . Notches are chiselled into the floor, allowing movement without having to hold on to smooth walls.

After the Great Gallery there is a small airlock room leading to a room called the king's chamber. Its dimensions are:

• length - 10.5 m;
• width - 5.2 m;
• height - 5.8 meters.

The lining of the chamber is made of pink granite slabs. Above the ceiling are five unloading chambers, the top of which has a gable roof made of giant granite blocks. They take on the enormous weight of the stone mass, preventing it from crushing the burial chamber of the pharaoh. It should also be noted that the pharaoh's chamber is precisely oriented to the cardinal points.

Near the western wall (the Egyptians' afterlife began in the west) there is a massive sarcophagus carved from a monolithic block of pink granite. The lid of the sarcophagus is missing. Also, no traces of the pharaoh's mummy were found. That is, there is no evidence that the pyramid of Cheops was ever used for an actual funeral. However, no other burial site of Pharaoh Cheops has yet been discovered, just as his mummy has not been found. Nevertheless, Egyptologists have enough reason to say that the pyramids are part of the ritual-burial complex, and not something else.

When the first European explorers discovered the pharaoh's sarcophagus at the end of the 18th century, they still did not know exactly for whom this, as they thought, tomb was erected, what was the name of the ancient ruler of Egypt. Only later, several hieroglyphs were found above the burial chamber, surrounded by an oval frame. In fairness, it should be noted that some Egyptologists consider this inscription to be a much later forgery, and there are certain grounds for this. The inscription was able to be read thanks to the scientific discoveries of Champollion, who by that time had already deciphered the language of the ancient Egyptians. It turned out that it was the name of the pharaoh, by whose order this main and first wonder of the world was built. The pharaoh's name was Khufu (the Greeks called him Cheops), and he ruled according to modern scientific ideas in the 28th-27th centuries. BC, that is, about 4700 years ago.

Mystery of the channels

Speaking about the structure of the Cheops pyramid, one cannot fail to say that both the queen’s chamber and the king’s chamber are equipped with inclined shafts-channels of a square section going up in the north and south direction, averaging 20x20 cm in size. Until recently, it was believed that they served as ventilation ducts. However, if two passages extending from the pharaoh's burial chamber pass through the body of the structure and go outside, then two passages from the queen's chamber cannot be ventilation ducts - they end in the masonry itself far from the outer surfaces of the walls (see diagram above).

Since 1993, attempts have been made to understand, using various technical devices, for what purpose they were intended. German engineers have designed a special robot capable of crawling through such narrow shafts. But both in the southern shaft and in the northern one, the robot ran into a barrier, which is a kind of slab with two protrusions (handles?) similar to metal (copper?). An attempt was made to drill through one of the partitions, but the video camera that the robot pushed into the drilled hole showed that the small space behind the slab ended again with a new stone partition.

It was decided to continue the research by preparing new technical equipment, but the events in Egypt that occurred at the beginning of 2011 postpone them indefinitely.

In the light of new data, a scientific hypothesis has spread that these mines performed some ritual tasks related to the religious ideas of the ancients. There is also a simpler hypothesis that initially these were actually ventilation ducts. But as the building rose higher and higher, it was decided to build a third burial chamber - the king's chamber. And the builders blocked the passages leading from the queen's chamber as unnecessary. This hypothesis is indirectly confirmed by the fact that the entrances to the mines from the side of the queen's chamber were walled up and were found only after her thorough examination.

The internal structure of the pyramid of Cheops from an engineering and construction point of view, the most difficult of all such structures of ancient Egypt. All other Egyptian pyramids inside look about the same as the great pyramidal structure of Cheops, but in general, inside the pyramids of other pharaohs, they have a simpler device, with the exception of the tomb of Pharaoh Djoser in Saqqara, which has an extensive system of underground passages and rooms at its base.

It will also be interesting to see.

The Pyramid of Cheops is a legacy of the ancient Egyptian civilization; all tourists who come to Egypt try to see it. It strikes the imagination with its grandiose size. The weight of the pyramid is about 4 million tons, its height is 139 meters, and its age is 4.5 thousand years. It still remains a mystery how people built the pyramids in those ancient times. It is not known for certain why these majestic structures were erected.

Legends of the pyramid of Cheops

Shrouded in mystery, ancient Egypt was once the most powerful country on Earth. Perhaps his people knew secrets that are still inaccessible to modern humanity. Looking at the huge stone blocks of the pyramid, which are stacked with perfect accuracy, you begin to believe in miracles.

According to one of the legends, the pyramid served as a storehouse of grain during the great famine. These events are described in the Bible (Book of Exodus). Pharaoh had a prophetic dream that warned of a series of lean years. Joseph, the son of Jacob, sold into slavery by his brothers, managed to unravel Pharaoh's dream. The ruler of Egypt instructed Joseph to organize the harvesting of grain, appointing him as his first adviser. The storehouses must have been huge, given that many peoples were fed from them for seven years when there was a famine on Earth. A slight discrepancy in dates - about 1 thousand years, the adherents of this theory explain by the inaccuracy of carbon analysis, thanks to which archaeologists determine the age of ancient buildings.

According to another legend, the pyramid served to transfer the material body of the pharaoh to the higher world of the Gods. An amazing fact is that inside the pyramid, where the sarcophagus for the body stands, the pharaoh's mummy was not found, which the robbers could not take away. Why did the rulers of Egypt build such huge tombs for themselves? Was it really their goal to build a beautiful mausoleum that testified to greatness and power? If the construction process took several decades and required huge labor costs, then the ultimate goal of building a pyramid was vital to the pharaoh. Some researchers believe that we know very little about the level of development of an ancient civilization, the mysteries of which have yet to be discovered. The Egyptians knew the secret of eternal life. It was acquired by the pharaohs after death, thanks to the technology that was hidden inside the pyramids.

Some researchers believe that the pyramid of Cheops was built by a great civilization even older than the Egyptian one, about which we know nothing. And the Egyptians only restored the existing ancient buildings, and used them at their own discretion. They themselves did not know the intention of the forerunners who built the pyramids. The Forerunners could be the giants of the Antediluvian civilization or the inhabitants of other planets who arrived on Earth in search of a new homeland. The gigantic size of the blocks from which the pyramid is built is easier to imagine as a convenient building material for ten-meter giants than for ordinary people.

I would like to mention one more interesting legend about the pyramid of Cheops. It is said that a secret room is hidden inside the monolithic structure, in which there is a portal that opens paths to other dimensions. Thanks to the portal, you can instantly find yourself at a selected point in time or on another inhabited planet in the Universe. It was carefully hidden by the builders for the benefit of the people, but will soon be found. The question remains whether modern scientists will understand ancient technologies in order to take advantage of the discovery. In the meantime, archaeological research in the pyramid continues.

In the era of antiquity, when the heyday of the Greco-Roman civilization began, ancient philosophers compiled a description of the most outstanding architectural monuments on Earth. They were called "Seven Wonders of the World". They included the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Ear of Rhodes and other majestic buildings built before our era. The Pyramid of Cheops, as the oldest, is in the first place in this list. This wonder of the world is the only one that has survived to this day, all the rest were destroyed many centuries ago.

According to the descriptions of ancient Greek historians, a large pyramid shone in the rays of the sun, casting a warm golden sheen. It was lined with meter-thick limestone slabs. The smooth white limestone, decorated with hieroglyphs and drawings, reflected the sands of the surrounding desert. Later, local residents dismantled the lining for their homes, which they lost as a result of devastating fires. Perhaps the top of the pyramid was decorated with a special triangular block made of precious material.

Around the pyramid of Cheops in the valley is a whole city of the dead. Dilapidated buildings of the mortuary temples, two other large pyramids and several smaller tombs. A huge statue of a sphinx with a broken nose, which has recently been restored, is carved from a gigantic monolithic block. It comes from the same quarry as the stones used to build the tombs. Once upon a time, ten meters from the pyramid was a wall three meters thick. Perhaps it was intended to protect the royal treasures, but could not stop the robbers.

Construction history

Scientists still cannot come to a consensus on how the ancient people built the pyramid of Cheops from huge boulders. According to the drawings found on the walls of others, it was suggested that workers cut each block in the rocks, and then dragged it to the construction site along a ramp made of cedar. History does not have a single opinion about who was involved in the work - the peasants for whom there was no other work during the flood of the Nile, the pharaoh's slaves or hired workers.

The difficulty lies in the fact that the blocks had to be not only delivered to the construction site, but also raised to a great height. The Pyramid of Cheops before construction was the tallest building on Earth. Modern architects see the solution to this problem in different ways. According to the official version, primitive mechanical blocks were used for lifting. It is terrible to imagine how many people died during the construction by this method. When the ropes and straps holding the block broke, it could crush dozens of people with its weight. It was especially difficult to install the upper building block at a height of 140 meters above the ground.

Some scientists suggest that ancient people had the technology to control the earth's gravity. Blocks weighing more than 2 tons, from which the Cheops pyramid was built, could be moved with this method with ease. The construction was carried out by hired workers who knew all the secrets of the craft, led by the nephew of Pharaoh Cheops. There were no human casualties, backbreaking labor of slaves, only building art that reached the highest technologies that are inaccessible to our civilization.

The pyramid has the same base on each side. Its length is 230 meters and 40 centimeters. Amazing accuracy for ancient uneducated builders. The density of the masonry stones is so great that it is impossible to stick a razor blade between them. An area of ​​five hectares is occupied by one monolithic structure, the blocks of which are connected by a special solution. There are several passages and chambers inside the pyramid. There are ventilation openings facing different directions of the world. The purpose of many interior spaces remains a mystery. The robbers took out everything of value long before the first archaeologists entered the tomb.

Currently, the pyramid is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Her photo adorns many Egyptian tourist brochures. In the 19th century, the Egyptian authorities wanted to disassemble the huge monolithic blocks of ancient structures for the construction of dams on the Nile River. But the costs of labor far outweighed the benefits of work, so the monuments of ancient architecture still stand today, delighting the pilgrims of the Giza Valley.

In my opinion, the version is quite right to life:

Original taken from gorojanin_iz_b in the Egyptian haze. The construction of the colossi, the Sphinx, the pyramids at the dawn of the photographic era in the 19th century. Part 2

Continuation. Beginning in the first part

The greatest secret of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, aka Cheops, is in front of the eyes of everyone who looks at it, but people do not want to see it. Give them ancient Egypt with pharaohs or anunakhs ...

Entire sections, strips and belts of the outer layer of blocks fall inward. Anyone can see it up close, but with side light it can be seen from afar. It is explained by the fact that under the layer of casting-blocks there are no millions of blocks weighing millions of tons, but there is ordinary, naturally subsiding sand. Which cancels all calculations of official and alternative sciences about the time, opportunities, labor costs of the pyramid builders. Put one in a rainy area, it would not have stood for half a century, it would have developed in an ugly way, in the same 19th century, but in Egypt - nothing, even keeps its shape, though only from a distance.

The outer layer of all three Great Pyramids - Khufu (Cheops), Khafra (Chephren) and Menka-ura (Mykerin) fails. But before we talk about the structure of the pyramids, let's take a look at the external casting. Well, or on hewn, molded, geopolymer blocks, scrambled with mantras, UFOs, an Egyptian draft crowd with an Egyptian mother along the embankment, as official and alternative historians teach.

The Pyramid of Cheops. These dents cannot be erosion, they are too different from all types of erosion on all blocks. There are dozens of them.
(pictures, as in part 1, are clickable)

It looks like a ladder for dragging the mortar was imprinted.

A foreign thing was forgotten.

Another dropped but against the background of the edge from the formwork sheet. A typical sinus - any concrete worker will tell. Peaks, streaks of solution hang everywhere. For wind erosion, the solution turned out to be stronger than the "brick".

This is a fallen but and edges left by the formwork. The unfinished solution, the wreckage - everything went to the casting.

Part of the buta fell out, part still sticks out, but it will definitely fall out, especially from the windward side of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, where the erosion of lime-sand casting is going faster.

Often scrap was used and so. Why not?

The blocks are full of typical traces of primitive grouting like these patterns of stripes, followed by stamping on the wet, as in the "quarry at the pyramid of Khafre." The alternatives - traces of mysterious tools.

Only without stamping.

An ordinary grater with a solution of extremely garbage leaves just such. Where there are no quality requirements, and you only need to close the masonry, Tajiks do not make footage, but kilometers of such finishing faster than the speed of the Nile. On the pyramidal casting is complementary to this. The race is on, it is necessary to close the boot, or the big snot hung - the ancient Egyptian passed with a grater of the golden section, seams, seams, ready, then went on to build an ancient Egyptian masterpiece! .. A matter of seconds - such wiping.

The little things that got out were packed full, but this wonderful little thing, stuffed, but rather forgotten by the ancient Egyptians in casting, I like most of all.
This is a steel profile, not iron; Iron is a very corrosive metal and is never used in its pure form anywhere. An iron profile in the open air, even Egyptian, will turn into dust not in 4.5 thousand years, but in one and a half hundred years that have passed since the middle of the 19th century.

Historians teach that Marten made a furnace for melting steel in 1864, and experiments were done 10 years before. But no! It wasn’t Marten who got rolled steel, but the ancient Egyptians, with the technology of the Anunakhs and the secret knowledge of the priests from Atlantis!))

These gaps cannot be obtained by any adjustment of the blocks, even in theory. The edges of the blocks perfectly repeat each other with curved lines. They can only be obtained by sequentially filling a row. This particular one was poured from right to left.

The formwork was placed in place. Thin elastic sheets of metal - iron is quite suitable. A block is poured, sheets are hastily placed, the next one is poured. Sheets are taken out. One block pressed the sheet more, the other less, the third one generally squeezed out the formwork sheet and the stack ... I don’t care, they docked to a small block and filled in a large one - not a single block is repeated there at all, everyone is different. Incredible rush and race.

The top row is especially revealing. This is an impossible build. Only sequential casting.

From this angle, above-deck canopies on the blocks are visible. They were knocked down, cut off, still raw. But not everywhere.

Two remarkably chipped blocks show the internal layered structure of the casting.
The flow went from right to left. The solution was applied in portions (otherwise it will break any formwork, pouring these and any megaliths is only possible in layers). The first portion was slapped to the bottom, to the right wall of the casting mold, which is the face of the previous cube. Second, third ... - in inclined layers. Dry wind was on the day when these particular cubes were poured, the evaporation is large, each layer had time to dry out, forming a crust.

This layering says that the work was still manual. A small labor army - soldiers, local slaves, prisoners ... - may well make a pyramid in a few years.
French scientists discovered "ancient Egypt". Most likely, this was the "Egyptian campaign of Napoleon." The narrow gauge railway, inevitable in the construction of the pyramids, we have already seen in the 19th century photo in Luxor and Giza. In general, a narrow-gauge railway has existed, it is believed, since the 16th century, under Napoleon there certainly was. This technical minimum, plus several years of regime status of the territory, is actually all that is needed to fill in place 1 percent of the extravagant quantities of blocks, which we see and beyond which we will not see (unless the pyramid starts to completely fall apart, crumble, for example, from abnormal rainy season).

Scientists - the guardians of history, of course, cannot assume such things, neither the officialdom nor the alternatives. Fomenko and Nosovsky have brilliant criticism, but useless reconstruction (otherwise no one would ever hear about any of their "new Chronology"). They, like Davidenko and others, actually "legitimized" the pyramids in tandem with the officials, calculated in tons, cubes and labor costs ninety-nine percent of the Great Pyramid, which are not blocks.

For some reason, no one is surprised that the Chinese have poured more than a thousand pyramids, including those larger than Cheops - part of them, and at the same time not a single Chinese has said anything about this to any world media.

The Great Wall of China, when the rain washed it away, was empty.
Fufel, like all Chinese, two bricks thick, with sand.

The megaliths of Cusco, unable to withstand the rain, collapsed, inside the same emptiness, the soil with which the natural hill was filled and planned, nothing more.

The ruins of Sacsayhuaman, the temple complex of the great Inca civilization in Cusco (Peru), were allegedly built in the 15th century. From blocks of hewn, fitted with the help of mantras and Anunakh technologies to micron precision. Since 1983 it has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Only recently the ruins, made by primitive casting in fabric formwork, have fallen apart a little. Just like the Wall of China after heavy rains. A century has not passed.

There was not a shish under the ruins. Made immediately as ruins.

http://su0.ru/p2bq

I had to save a great civilization for UNESCO and humanity.

http://su0.ru/rfwf

But the world historical community, official and alternative, is not supposed to know about it.

And why is the pyramid of Cheops, of the estimated number of blocks of which people see less than 1 percent, worse?

An artificial hill, a couple of chambers, passages, shafts were made inside, maybe a couple more hid, scientists for the upcoming discoveries, that's all. More than 99 percent of the volume of the Great Pyramid has never been seen and will never be seen, unless it rains in Egypt.

Most of all, the pilgrims of Egypt and the pyramids are confused by the incredible curvature of the rows in height. From a distance they are even, but the closer to the pyramid, the more crooked - shrinkage goes inward, perpendicular to the edges. If you make the greatest wonder of the world for centuries, then either level the rocky foundation, or level the foundation. What about Cheops? They say about this: the bull pissed. Walks in waves. Let's follow one line.
Clickable.

Whichever way you look from the foot of the Great Pyramids - it will be so.

With side lighting, the dips of the faces noticeably appear from afar, like Cheops, Khafre, Mykerin. The edges of the pyramid are not just crooked, but they walk like Danube waves, the drops reach several meters!

Why? Yes, because there is sand under the casting, and there are no 2.3 million blocks, weighing 5.75 million tons. They led several rows. Covered the hill. The sand settled naturally; It's unavoidable. We leveled the edges with the same sand and corrective casting - this is possible. But vertical waves back and forth cannot be aligned.

Moreover, the waves went even from the lowest tiers, and the waves are of such magnitude that it is impossible to explain the different sizes of blocks and shrinkage.

There is no other explanation for these waves.
This is the great secret of the Great Pyramid.

Scientists and the public do not even know about the interior of Khafre even the minuscule known about Khufu.

Pyramids of Khufu and Khafre.

As well as about Mikerin.

In anticipation of the Big Questions, scientists backed up a little, They took another 23% from the invisible 99% of the volume of the pyramid of Cheops, even in Wikipedia, the main source of sofa Egyptologists, they wrote that, they say, according to the latest data, 23% of the volume of the pyramid is a rocky base in its center. But even three-quarters of the remaining volumes of blocks to carve and carry out of nowhere is an unbearable task for any human and Anunnachi cultures.

No one is surprised that in the Mexican El Tajin, the ancient Mexicans of the type in the 2nd century AD. most of the pyramids were underimposed. Why are we slowing down in Egypt? Morok igipitz?

The stump is clear, it is impossible to veneer such an Egyptian disgrace, which is also falling through, as scientists say about it, pointing to the cap of the Khafre pyramid. The rest, they say, did not survive for centuries, the sultans pulled it into palaces, the imams into mosques. Nonsense. The cap was immediately built as a "remnant of the cladding".

Having reached the beginning of the header in the project, the builders changed step casting of blocks to vertical, and led the vertical walls from five to seven rows high, alternating the casting of horizontal blocks with the casting of vertical ones, and from the border of the cap to the top they began to cast the product under the outer formwork.

Knowing the real quality of pyramidal casting, we strengthened the vertical wall under the cap with additional pillars. This is one of them, which could not appear with the previous, stepped casting.

In some parts of the field, hats hung like visors. Not surprising, given the quality of the main, block casting. When pouring in steps, the crumbling blocks remain in place; when poured vertically, they crumble.

Preparing to hoist a layer twice as heavy with a "facing" so that the latter does not collapse into the settled sand of the central part of the pyramid, the last one and a half to two dozen rows before it were not filled with standard blocks, but every other time - with full-fledged brick pedestals, disguised with plaster. That is why the "facing" is intact, and the base under it is stronger and looks different.

This masonry of the Great Pyramid of Khafre is a jamb like the famous stone with a concrete core from the construction of Stonehenge after the collapse of the plaster, which got into all the old photos and engravings, which were done in half a century after construction without counting

Now let's take a closer look mysterious cuts a mysterious tool in supposedly granite monoliths, allegedly hewn by the ancient Egyptians, adored by the alternative public and scientists. What is it, who did it, and why?

Scientists of official sciences are allowed to talk only about the bronze saws and chisels of the ancient Egyptians. Because iron in the official history they have not yet smelted, something stronger - even more so.
Scientists of alternative sciences are allowed to say that it was cut by the Anunakhs, with lasers from the Whitemans, and the great pra-civilization of the Atlanto-Pleiadianto-Aryans, with mantras that make plasticine from granite.
It is permissible for conspirators to talk about a fake with a modern diamond-coated saw and cutting discs for metal with victorious soldering ...

At the same time, the shooting of these cuts and cuts in all LAIST and scientific sites are given only at an angle so that the cuts are like cuts. Let's look at a normal shooting - and everything will become clear.

At the base of the Great Pyramid, there are several blocks of cut / sawn granite type.

But if we look carefully, we will see jumpers among such an alleged cut.

More jumpers in the type of cuts.

Considering that the length between the lintels is the same, we will see simple traces from simple slabs of the same type, which were thrust into the unhardened mass of the future granite block, hewn by the ancient Egyptians, in order to divide it in half and get a corrugated surface of both halves. All in all.

On Giza, in pyramidal temples, obelisks and "artifacts" there is a lot of corrugated and ideally even granite. It was necessary to get a lot of the same type of slabs with the same type of relief. Done. The marriage was abandoned on the spot. Only.

This raw half divided gives an exhaustive idea of ​​what kind of cuts it is (and since it fell apart incorrectly, it also turned out to be fragile - a marriage with violations of the ancient Egyptian guests of the composition of the granite mixture by the builders of the pyramids).

Another divided one. There is no smell of lasers from whitemans here, these are just boards that have been shoved into casting.

By the way, they began to finish the base of the Great Pyramid with such, but they quickly abandoned it. The deadlines were pressing, the workers fled, the foremen decided: this will do ... God knows.

Breakdown close. Whoever wants to see lasers from Whitemans, let him see lasers from Whitemans according to his faith, but in the physical world there were deck boards here. More than a clear breakdown of the jumper between them.

Another type of marriage - crookedly separating the formwork was pushed. Not suitable for virtuoso ancient Egyptian masters.

They come up with the devil-those-what these scientists ...

Another warehouse of granite products, abandoned because it popped a marriage that can neither be used nor continue the wall, scientists called Mortuary Temple of Menkaure.
For scientists, the ancient Egyptians hewn or the great pra-civilizations of the Anunakhs softened this granite with mantras thousands of years ago. Casting in formwork one and a half to two centuries ago was an absolutely taboo topic for alternatives.

There was definitely no idea to "cut out waves" - all "hewn waves" are crooked, and all are different. It's just an unfinished corridor. Started pouring but gave up.

Here we finally see the famous "megalithic nipples".

They are obtained when stones are placed in a fabric mold, but not like a rubble, but so that it holds the shape, like a spacer and a fixing object, otherwise it will warp when poured (this is how the casting of the aforementioned Cuzco was done). For limestone "stones" they put limestone cargo, for granite, of course, the same granite. Limestone-sand stones, like the South one, can be cast without matter (limestone cement is the oldest material used to this day, lime is found everywhere; although "antiques" were poured in the 18-20 centuries), but for finely dispersed components that go to granite , mineral dust, a dense fabric is needed, otherwise the smallest component will leak out, there will be a disgrace, not casting.

A very good picture of one such "nipple" was taken by Sklyarov, or someone from the LAI forum (as soon as the suggestion about the formwork was touched there, the discussion of these pictures was interrupted harshly and instantly).

It can be seen that water oozed from this "nipple" through the fabric and washed a little fine dust from the lower block until it was completely dry. Got a track. If you find pictures of "masonry" with these "nipples" in good resolution, you will see such traces on other monuments of UNESCO and humanity.

Specifically, these "hewn blocks" were cast in formwork frames with a fabric base, the edges were additionally pressed over the fabric with boards. And the formwork, the stump is clear, no one followed (I think it was impossible with such volumes as they were on the Giza plateau), broke and broke, the top board was kicked out, and the lesha with it. And they poured more solution than they should. Conveyor process costs.

Cast, of course, here, and in this position. Traces on the lower block from the water flowing from the upper "nipple" are evidence of this.

And from the second "nipple" of the upper block on the lower block there is the same trace.

The entire batch of granite blocks turned out to be defective. The bottom row turned out to be quite okay, albeit with influxes through the formwork. Upper - randomly went.

There are three blocks here, the fourth was thrown off. On the middle top, they tried to fix the marriage - they cut off the influxes, moreover, manually, without machines, this can be seen from the unevenness (this is where the "ancient Egyptian stonemasons-masters" really had to sweat, this is generally an ass - to hammer granite!)
But they gave up this occupation - for the zombie mass, it will do.

The other two "floated" through the top, due to unusable formwork, especially the nearest one. The "sailed" part of the block was also cut off (the horror of how much handmade, not otherwise, the ancient Egyptian foreman was terribly angry at the scammers and forced them to hammer their work, like slaves from "historical Egypt" !!)

The fourth block was thrown off. It also cut off the upper influx and the "floated" part of the block from the side of the back edge of the formwork.
Moreover, they managed to split. This is not easy, apparently, the scammers and the composition of the casting also could not stand it.

And so this casting was left to wallow in the "sands of time", in the "darkness of centuries". Not a wall, not a corridor, not a warehouse. An ordinary marriage, which cannot be continued in any way, and it is impossible to drag and adapt somewhere else.

In general, the ancient Egyptians poured granite often, a lot and with pleasure - both in St. Petersburg, and in Europe, and in Asia, and of course in "ancient Egypt". The artel is one, the technologies are the same, but for posterity, scientists and ignoramuses, let the "historians" carry it across the eras.

Here is a wonderful Granite Temple of Khafre in the Giza valley. "Science" took him as far back as 26-23 centuries BC.
"Officially" built of limestone slabs, lined with granite slabs.
However, with good shooting, it is clearly seen that the walls were not faced with granite, but were cast with artificial granite.

Compare the last photo with the cracks in the cast granite of St. Isaac, Kazan and the Roman Pantheon. One office made "history" in approximately one real, but different "historical" time, of course, that both technologies and materials were used the same.

Another material of ancient Egyptian maters used in Giza is basalt. The mineral is as hard as granite, but more brittle.

Allegedly hewn and delivered from where the hell are the blocks with which the floor near the Great Pyramid is laid out.
Let's pay attention to the foundation for pouring these slabs - we will meet it more than once in the Great Ancient Egyptian Pyramids that were being prepared, but not embodied; and on the complete correspondence of the lower faces of the basalt slabs to the relief they flooded.

Actually, you don't need to say anything. A simple sane look and normal photos will tell everything.

If this is not formwork and pouring, then what? Ancient Egyptian bronze saw-chisels??

The thickness of the formwork was
Definitely sheet metal.

When the sheets were taken out, micro-scratches remained.

The surface, not completely dry, cracked right there, along the excavation of the formwork, in the same "ancient Egyptian era."
Rush. As with Cheops.

Another basalt floor.
There are only two of them in the area of ​​"the discovery of ancient Egypt at the beginning of the 19th century" - it was not enough with coal, or with basalt raw materials.
General form.

Traces of smooth formwork are everywhere.

Smooth edge from the formwork close up.

Shitty quality of the poured block. It is pouring, barely had time to take a pee.
Granite is a non-thermal casting, it is easier with it. The creators of "ancient Egypt" have big problems with thermal.

A question for any concrete worker: did they pour the slabs with the sinuses of the slab? or anunakhs were cut out with lasers?

Anunakh (laser) sinus close up. The importance of this photo is different: at the bottom, the blocks repeat the relief of the soil or what was poured onto the ground.
This means that no one brought "basalt slabs" from anywhere, they poured them right here. A mobile smelting stove, on the principle of the one that tar is poured on the roof of "Khrushchev's" houses, was placed right in the "location of the artifact", the block merged onto the ground. They did it right away as "the remains of a basalt floor", scattered blocks.

Immediately for the trolls: the sintering temperature of basalt fibers is +1000, simple brown coal in the home heating system provides a temperature of about 1900 degrees, coal 2100. Anthracite 2250. Italian archaeologists discovered the Userkaf Pyramid in 1831. Such-and-such coal-fired stoves are the great builders of Rome, and so on. They knew how to do the 19th century.

Another trace of formwork on two blocks. Even the characteristic formwork "patches" are visible.

The characteristic formwork comb, which gives out the casting immediately and undeniably, was chipped off.
Decking sheet led. The hot mass pushed it down and almost flowed.
This block indicates that here (at the pyramid of Userkaf), apparently, a copper or bronze sheet was used. Iron doesn't behave like that. Copper does not melt at 1000 degrees (it has a melting point of 1083 degrees), bronze also (up to 1140 degrees), it only softens, like the formwork on this casting.

Yihipitsky scammers!
They suck with thermocasting, what really ...

Obviously they were trying to portray something more complicated than floor slabs. Two molds were inserted into the liquid mass. Didn't like it or didn't work. The formwork ridges were broken off and then the "remains of the floor" began to be poured.

And now, from the floor, let's turn to the object itself, for the sake of which it was heaped up here. Pitiful incomprehensible ugliness, which scientists called Pyramid of Userkaf in Saqqara.

You won’t believe it, but in historical science this pharaoh, the founder of the 5th dynasty, immortalized his name with this great building, replacing the direct predecessors of Djedefre, Mikerin, Snefru (the builder of five pyramids), Khafre and Cheops.

Here is this incomprehension.
No aesthetic claims.
Or at least decently.
(apologies for the "fisheye", but I did not find filming with a normal lens of what I had to shoot)

What is important to see in order to understand the real purpose of this misunderstanding?

Attention - to the most powerful casting, appearing from under the sand all over the site on a patch near the under-pyramid, slabs without any claims at all, not for show, purely functional ...

And on the multi-layered and considerable depth of their occurrence.
For whom and what is this power? Endure crowds of pharaoh worshippers?

Let's take a look at a completely garbage casting not for the public, stuffed rubbish sticks out of the sidewall.

On wire fittings, knocked down or broken off from the same garbage casting, as you can see, on the eve of the presentation of the under-pyramid to the public.

Let's look at the layout of the site with an underpyramid with a clear shift of sand away from it.

Still excavated and shifted soil.

Recognizable by all "top pyramids", a chamber made of cast granite slabs. The first pair turned out, the second burst, and that was the end of the work. Scientists write: the robbers took everything they could from the Userkaf complex back in antiquity. What did they take away? Granite-concrete fools weighing a ton, which are missing here? They weren't here. They surrendered to the robbers by design ... They are absent, therefore, on the second pair of this vault, the product burst, because. more than a lot of rubbish stuffed. You can see it in the picture.

Around the under-pyramid, one cannot say that they are rising, but simply several indistinct buildings have been started, reinforced with monumental castings.

From whom did they make such power, but with a passage protected just as monumentally?
From meteor showers? Nuclear war? Herds of dinosaurs? Crowds of asuras, batyrs and Atlanteans?

Scientists figured out and drew a reconstruction, on which these bunkers are the welcoming and mortuary temples, tombs, the companion pyramid of the pharaoh's wife...

But you can no longer get into the pyramid of Userkaf. It was described and drawn by scientists, after which, in 1991, the passage into it was hopelessly blocked by an earthquake. Only the outside entrance remains. So here it is!

For those who don't understand yet. Explains all misunderstandings foundation construction site one of the following Great Pyramids. Unrealized object. The interior of the pyramid was placed without any beauty. Powerfully protected chambers and passages hidden in the depths of the pyramid for centuries. From above, sand was to be poured onto the site, along the perimeter of the sand, casting was to be carried out in several layers ... Everything, as in the two and a half Great Pyramids of Giza.

One of the ugliest buildings pyramid of Amenemhat III in Dashur (supposedly 19th century BC) - ugliness, only if we consider it conceived and finished. In the country of great temples, sciences, golden sections and pyramids, drawn by historians, it would be a shame for a real pharaoh to build such a pile of crap (and what else does it look like in form?), Wasting his life and the ancient Egyptians on it. Not ashamed only invented.

The builders of this failed pyramid advanced a little further than the artel of Userkaf's pyramid.

We made the filling, the core of the future pyramid, began to fill it up.

Exactly buried sand and slag, and didn't dig the explorers of ancient Egypt, the discoverers of the pyramids - the sand did not even get into the grooves and cracks.

As in Userkaf and, no doubt, in all Cheops and Khafren, a site of incredible, super-excessive thickness was laid here, the "inner chambers" with passages to them protected in the most powerful way from the megaton load of the planned pyramid.

Tons of mortar and defective castings are commonplace, all this goes under the sand, not for beauty.

Entrance - according to a single ancient Egyptian guest, common to all places, pharaohs and times.

This is how the same Cheops looked until it fell asleep completely and started casting blocks around the perimeter of the hill, you can be sure. This is not the ugliness of an invented pharaoh. Just unfinished. The whole mystery of the mysterious "black pyramid of Anemenkhet".

Another pyramid blank represents a whole class of buildings that scientists were embarrassed to call pyramids, but came up with the term mastaba. Harvesting in Medum, 100 km from Giza. They didn’t come up with a pharaoh for her, therefore it is listed in Egyptology simply under the number - Mastaba №17.

A site prepared and slightly cleared for visiting gives an idea of ​​the size of the pyramid in the project.

Without much care, the same powerful slab foundation was cast for posterity, which, after the change in design, was abandoned, at least on that patch that was open from under the sand for visits.

On the basis - the usual intra-pyramidal bunker in case of an atomic war, designed for megaton pressure.

The casting was abandoned, the formwork was hastily assembled, including a mess. Works, now in the status of "reconstruction-restoration", are being done now. By the time the tseu came to fold the pyramid and start pouring the mastaba, the builders did not have time to add what they wanted or finish it.

And then another slab over one of the passages burst, threatening to collapse and block it. If so, then one of the "burial chambers" will not be "discovered by scientists" - why is this necessary?

This is how this "ancient Egypt" was done; more marriage and incompleteness than finished buildings. But nothing, scientists will finish drawing. Have managed so far.

Almost forgot about mysterious square holes, these, in Aksum, Baalbek, Palmyra, Aswan, Roman, Hellenic, Machupik and the rest of the ancient casting, no matter how much it is (thank you, reminded) - the grooves from the fasteners of the formwork, which in two places they forgot to release from the timber. In the Snefru pyramid (Dahshur, type 26 BC), with the rest of the wood, and in the tunnel under the Wailing Wall, it is also the wall of the Solomon Temple complex (Jerusalem, type 19 BC).

And finally, for the mood, some famous and not very ancient sculptures from angles from which it is not very common to shoot, since traces of reinforcement are visible.

Happy May holidays everyone.
Good luck, kindness and good mood!

The famous Venus de Milo from the Louvre.

By the way, the second hand of Venus de Milo in the Louvre is very strangely smeared. Although under the putty, a sealed hole-oval is guessed.

Ancient Greek discus throwers of the Vienna and Roman museums. The dog knows them whether or not to cover up these marks from the fittings. It's not aesthetically pleasing either way.

Belvedere torso. Vatican.

Statues of the ancient Greek city of Ephesus (Selchuk, Türkiye).

Pergamon altar. Museum of Berlin.

*

Portrait of Tutankhamen, I hope everyone knows))

The Pyramid of Cheops is a rare case in Egyptology when we can be sure exactly who owns the monument. Often the ancient monuments of Egypt were appropriated by later rulers. The appropriation technology was very simple - the name of the pharaoh-builder (cartouche) was simply confused with the inscriptions in the temple or in the tomb, and another name was knocked out.

This phenomenon was very common. Take, for example, the famous pharaoh Tutankhamen. Until 1922, when archaeologist Howard Carter unearthed , Egyptologists doubted the existence of this ruler. There was almost no written evidence about him, everything was destroyed by subsequent pharaohs.

In the 19th century, archaeologists often used very barbaric research methods. In the pyramid of Cheops, explosions of gunpowder were used to search for hidden rooms. You can still see traces of such methods on the surfaces of structures (see photo on the left).

During such research, small rooms were found above the main burial chamber. Explorers rushed there hoping to find treasure, but of course there was nothing there but dust.

These rooms, only 1 meter high, had a purely technical purpose. These are unloading chambers, they protect the ceiling of the burial chamber from collapse, and relieve the mechanical load. But it was on the walls of these unloading chambers that scientists discovered inscriptions made by ancient builders.

These were block markings. As we now put a label on a product, so the ancient Egyptian foremen marked the blocks: “A block such and such for the pyramid of Khufu, produced then, laid then.” These inscriptions cannot be fake, they prove that this building was built by Cheops.

A little about Pharaoh Cheops

In the last paragraph, we used the name "Khufu". This is the official Egyptian name of this pharaoh. Cheops is the Greek interpretation of his name, and not the most common. Other pronunciations of "Cheops" or "Kiops" are more common.

The name “Khufu” is more common in the world. If you are going on an excursion to Giza with a Russian-speaking guide, then there will be no problems, he will be aware of this phonetic difference. But, if you communicate with locals or tourists from other countries, we recommend using the name “Khufu”.

Although Pharaoh Khufu is one of them, it will not be possible to write much about him. We know very little about him.

In addition to the fact that this pyramid was built, we know that Khufu organized expeditions to develop useful resources in the Sinai Peninsula. That's all. Only two artifacts have survived from Khufu to this day - a giant pyramid 137 meters high and a small ivory figurine only 7.5 centimeters high (pictured right).

Pharaoh Cheops remained in the people's memory as a tyrant ruler who forced people to work on a grandiose construction. We can read about this in the works of the Greek historian Herodotus, who visited Egypt and wrote down the stories of the priests.

Surprisingly, his father Pharaoh Snefru remained in the people's memory as a very kind ruler, although he built three pyramids ( and ) and overtaxed the country twice as much as Cheops.

Everything that arises must have some reason for its occurrence, for it is absolutely impossible to arise without a cause. (4th century BC, Plato, "Timaeus").

So, let's start with the facts.
First, there are three burial chambers in the pyramid. - Three! It does not occur to any living person to prepare a tomb for himself in three "copies". In addition, as can be seen from the size of the pyramids, it was a very troublesome and time-consuming business. Egyptian archaeologists found that the pharaohs built separate pyramids of a much smaller size for their wives and “family” in the burials of the pharaohs was not established. From this it follows that the pyramid at different times had three owners (three pharaohs) and therefore each in the pyramid had its own burial chamber.

To confirm this conclusion, consider the pyramid in the context (what is).

Egyptian historians have established that long before the construction of the pyramids in ancient Egypt in the 4th millennium BC. and even earlier, the pharaohs were buried in deep underground halls - “mastabas”, where the mummy was located. In the ground part, on the top above the hall, a low, flat, truncated pyramid was built, in the interior of which there was a prayer room with a statue, into which, after death (according to faith), the soul of the pharaoh moved. The halls of the premises could be isolated from each other.

Looking at the section plan, we can say that the upper prayer room of the first mastaba (no more than 15 meters high) that has not been found today is located in the center of the pyramid, just below the middle burial chamber (7). If, of course, by the beginning of the time when the second pharaoh built his pyramid over the mastaba, the latter was not destroyed (plundered) or crushed, and survived.

A narrow inclined-vertical shaft (12) for raising the soul from the underground burial pit (5) should have risen to the above-ground prayer room of the mastaba. At the exit of the mine to the surface level of the plateau under the base of the pyramid there is a small grotto (expansion up to 5 meters), the walls of which are partially reinforced with more ancient masonry that does not belong to the pyramid. This ancient masonry is nothing more than an accessory to the first mastaba. From the grotto (12) to the center of the pyramid there should be a continuation into the mastaba, which is closed or was later filled up.

According to archaeologists, the underground burial "pit" (5) for some reason remained unfinished. Perhaps for the same reason, the upper above-ground part of the mastaba with a prayer room was not completed (the latter remains to be seen). The unfinished construction of the burial structure, located in the most advantageous place, on the top of the stone plateau, served (to the pharaoh preceding Cheops) as a pretext and moral basis, to take the mastaba as the basis for building his pyramid over it.

The fact that the age of the Sphinx is estimated to be much older than the pyramids (about 5-10 thousand years) speaks in favor of the fact that the plateau in Giza was previously "settled" by ancient mastabas.

By the beginning of the III millennium BC. in Egypt, burials in mastabas were replaced by more majestic structures - the pyramids. The Egyptians also had another later worldview about the place of residence of the soul after death. - "The one who lives the time measured out to him properly will return to the abode of the star of his name." (Plato, Timaeus).

The burial chamber (7) belonging to the second inner pyramid (according to the plan of the cross section) is presumably located above the prayer part of the first mastaba. The corridor ascending to the chamber (6) is laid along the wall, and the horizontal one (8) along the roof of the mastaba. Thus, one can “see” the approximate boundaries of the first ancient inner truncated mastaba pyramid.

The second inner pyramid is ten meters on each side smaller than the current outer third pyramid of Cheops. This can be judged by the length of the two outgoing from the chamber (7), the so-called ventilation ducts (20 by 25 cm in cross section), which, by about ten meters (according to the pyramid drawing), do not reach the plane of the current outer walls. Of course, these are not ventilation ducts, which the deceased pharaoh did not need. This is a path directed to the sky, oriented with great accuracy (up to a degree) to those stars where, according to the ideas of the ancient Egyptians, the soul of the pharaoh will settle after death. When the second pyramid was being built, the channels from the burial room (7) reached the edges of the outer walls and were open to the sky.

The second burial chamber of the pharaoh may also have been unfinished (judging by the lack of interior decoration). This suggests that the entire pyramid was not completed to the end (for example, there was a war, the pharaoh was killed or died of illness, an accident, etc.). But, in any case, by that time the pyramid had been erected no lower than the height of the walls along the border of the upper part of the "air ducts" (7) emanating from the burial chamber.

The second inner pyramid reveals itself not only as “deaf air ducts” and a separate burial chamber, but also with its central entrance (1). It is noticeable that the entrance, approximately the same 10 meters, turned out to be buried inside the outer wall of the third pyramid. This entrance, built before Cheops, was not brought to the border of the outer wall, and therefore, due to the increase in the outer wall, it ended up in a recess. (Entrance gates are always several outside the buildings, and not deep in the body of the structure).

The next in a row, the third owner of the pyramid was the pharaoh - Cheops (Khufu).

Archaeologists and historians, according to the decoding of hieroglyphs, found that the pyramid of Cheops was built not by slaves (as was previously thought), but by civilian builders, who, of course, had to be well paid for hard work. And since the volume of construction was huge, it was more profitable for the pharaoh to take an unfinished pyramid than to build it from scratch. Again, the most advantageous location on the top of the plateau - "bribed" to use the "underdone".

The construction of the third pyramid began with the dismantling of the central part of the unfinished second. The blocks raised from the center went to expand the rows of the third pyramid along the perimeter. In the resulting depth, at a height of about 40 meters from the ground, they placed the antechamber (11) and the third burial chamber of the pharaoh (10). The passage to the third chamber only needed to be extended. The ascending tunnel (6) was continued in the form of a large 8-meter high gallery (9). Therefore (and not only because of this), the passage (6) and the high gallery (9), having the same direction, differ from each other.

After the third pyramid was expanded “at the hips”, about 10 meters were added on each side, then the old outgoing channels for the “departure of the soul” from the chamber (7) turned out to be closed. If the burial chamber (7) did not imply burial, then the subsequent builders had no reason to continue the canals. They were simply walled up with external wall blocks.

In September 2002, researchers launched a caterpillar robot into one of the narrow "air ducts". Having risen to the end, he rested against a limestone slab 13 cm thick, drilled through it, on the other side of the slab at a distance of 18 cm, the robot saw another stone barrier. These are the blocks of the wall of the third outer pyramid.

During the construction of the third burial chamber of Pharaoh Cheops, new channels (10) were laid to it for the “flight of the soul” to the stars. If you look closely at the section of the pyramid, then the channels of the second and third chambers are almost parallel (at one time they were aimed at the same stars). Almost parallel, but not quite! The upper two channels, relative to the lower (closed), are, as it were, turned clockwise by 3-5 degrees. This is not an accident. Egyptian builders very meticulously recorded the position of the stars and the direction to them. Then what's the matter?

The axis of rotation of the Earth every 72 years is shifted by 1 degree, and every 25920 years, the axis of the Earth, rotating like a "spinning top", makes a full circle. This phenomenon is called precession. (The ancient Egyptian priests knew the declination of the axis and the swaying of the Earth around the poles. Plato, on the other hand, called the time of rotation of the Earth's axis at 26 thousand years - "The Great Year").

When the earth's axis shifts by one degree in 72 years, the angle of view towards the required star also changes by 1 degree (including the angle to the Sun). If the displacement of the pairs of channels differs approximately by 3-5 degrees, then we can say that the difference between the unfinished construction of the second pyramid and the time of construction of the third pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops (Khufu) is 216-360 years.

Egyptian historians say that Pharaoh Khufu ruled from 2540-2560 BC. Counting "degree" years ago, we can say when the second inner pyramid was built.

In the entire pyramid of Cheops, in the only place under the ceiling, on powerful vaulted granite slabs like a roof above the third burial chamber, there is a hieroglyph made by workers - “Builders, friends of Pharaoh Khufu”. No other mention of the names and belongings of the pharaohs to the pyramid has yet been found.

Most likely, the pyramid of Cheops was completed and used for its intended purpose. Otherwise, the entrance (1) would not have been closed with granite slabs, and a plug of several granite cubes would not have been lowered down the inclined plane into the ascending passage (6). Thus, the pyramid was tightly closed for everyone for three thousand years (until 820 AD).

The ancient Egyptian name of the pyramid of Cheops is read by hieroglyphs - "Horizon of Khufu". The name is literal. The angle of inclination of the side face of the pyramid is 51° 50′. - This is the angle at which the Sun rose exactly at noon on the days of autumn - the vernal equinox. The sun at noon, like a "crown" crowned the pyramid. Throughout the year, the Sun (the ancient Egyptian God - Ra) walks across the sky in the summer above, in the winter below (just like the pharaoh in his possessions) and always the Sun (pharaoh) returns to his "home". Therefore, the angle of inclination of the walls of the pyramid indicates the house of the "God - the Sun" and the horizon of the "house - pyramid" of Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops) - "the son of the God of the Sun"

The sides of the walls at an angle to the Sun are not only in this pyramid. In the pyramid of Khafre, the angle of inclination of the face is slightly higher than 52-53 degrees (it is established that it was built later). In the pyramid of Menkaure, the slope of the faces is 51°20′25″. Historians do not know for sure whether it was built before the pyramid of Cheops or later. But, given the less steep angle of the walls (if the builders were not mistaken), we can conclude that it was built earlier. In relation to the "degree age scale", a slope difference of 30 minutes corresponds to - 36 years. Later Egyptian pyramids have a higher slope of faces.

There are also many pyramids in Sudan, the angle of which is much steeper. Sudan is much to the south of Egypt and the Sun on the day of spring - the autumn equinox is much higher above the horizon there. This explains the steepness of the walls of the Sudanese pyramids.

In 820 AD the Baghdad caliph Abu Jafar al-Mamun, in search of the innumerable treasures of the pharaoh at the base of the Cheops pyramid, made a horizontal gap (2) (which is still used to enter the pyramid to this day). The passage was broken through to the beginning of the ascending corridor (6), where they ran into granite cubes, which went around to the right and thus penetrated the pyramid. But, according to historians, they did not find anything but “dust half an cubit” inside. If what was valuable in the pyramid, then the servants of the caliph took it, and what was left, then everything was taken out over the next 1200 years.

It seems that 28 pairs of ritual statues stood in rectangular recesses along the walls of the gallery (9) (the exact purpose of the recesses is not known now). But the fact that there were tall statues is evidenced by two facts - the eight-meter height of the gallery (why would the height be needed), as well as large round peeling prints on the walls of the gallery from the remnants of the mortar with which the tilted statues were fastened and leveled (see the photo of the gallery in Wikipedia).

I will disappoint those who are mystically inclined to find “miracles” in the pyramids. More than a hundred pyramids have been discovered in Egypt to date, and they are all different from each other. There are different angles of inclination of the faces, there is a pyramid with a “broken side” at a double angle, there are stone and brick pyramids, lined and stepped, even at the base of a rectangular shape (the pyramid of Pharaoh Djoser). If there were some secret law, secret knowledge, and not a “motley” opinion, then uniformity would be observed in all the pyramids. “But he isn't. Even among the three pyramids at Giza, there is no unity. The smaller of the three pyramids of Menkaure at the base is not oriented strictly to the cardinal points. That is, the orientation of the sides does not matter. In the main pyramid of Cheops, the third (upper) burial chamber is located not in the geometric center of the pyramid and not even on the axis of the pyramid. In the pyramids of Khafre and Mykerin, the burial chambers are also not in the center.

Egyptian Minister of Archeology and current chief expert on ancient pyramids, Zahi Hawass, says: “Like any practitioner, I decided to test the assertion that food does not spoil in the pyramid. Divided a kilo of meat in half. I left one part in the office, and the other in the pyramid of Cheops. The part in the pyramid deteriorated even faster than in the office.”

What else can archaeologists do today in the pyramid of Cheops? - Perhaps, try to find an above-ground prayer room from the first mastaba, for which it would be possible to drill down (vertically or obliquely in the edges and corners) several holes in the floor of the second (7) burial chamber, until an internal cavity is found below. In case of failure (if the rooms of the room are away from drilling), then from the grotto (12) find a blocked passage or dig the passage again. For the pyramid, this will not have any damage, since there was originally a connecting entrance from the burial pit to the above-ground mastaba. He must be searched for.

Of much greater interest in Egyptian Giza is the closed Sphinx. The stone body of the ancient Sphinx, located from west to east. Burial chambers and burials were also made from west to east. It can be assumed that the Sphinx is an integral part of the elevated structure above the ancient mastaba of an unknown pharaoh. Searches in this direction would expand the boundaries of knowledge of the history of ancient Egypt or an even earlier civilization, for example, the Atlanteans, whose representatives the Egyptians deified and attributed to their ancient predecessor gods.

An identification study by American forensics concluded that the face of the Sphinx does not look like the faces of the statues of the Egyptian pharaohs, but has Negroid features.

It is possible that the burial chamber with the mummy of an ancient pharaoh of Negro origin is located under the front paws of the Sphinx. In this case, there must be a passage upward from the chamber for the resettlement of the "soul" of the pharaoh, for subsequent life in the body of the Sphinx (according to the beliefs of the ancient Egyptians).

The Sphinx is a lion (a symbol of royal power) with a human head and the face of a pharaoh. Presumably, the face of the pharaoh (after the plastic restoration of the mummy's skull) will be similar to the face of the Sphinx. The veil over the secret pyramid of Cheops and the Sphinx has been lifted, now you need to “enter”.