Name British mountains, rivers and lakes?

1. The largest river in Great Britain is the Severn (length 354 km), which flows through England and Wales. , The Thames is the river on which the capital, London, stands; there are also the rivers Tees, Ex, Tyne, Ayr and others

   There are no very large lakes, but there is the entire Lake District - the largest national park in England and, perhaps, the most famous natural region.
   The area of ​​the park is 2279 km; .

   The name of the area is given by 16 large lakes, which are scattered here among the mountains (or rather hills), which are considered the highest in England. The wonderful ensemble of blue lake waters and hills in a haze of fog is complemented by waterfalls and houses made of gray stone scattered here and there.

   The largest lake is called Windermere. Two villages on its banks, Windermere and Bowness-on-Windermere, are the gateway to the park's wonderful natural beauty.

   The longest rivers by country in Great Britain:
   England Thames (346 km long)
   Scotland Tay (188 km long)
   Northern Ireland Bann (122 km long)
   Wales Towy (103 km long).

   The largest lakes in the UK by country:
   Northern Ireland Lough Neagh (area 382 km#178;)
   Scotland Loch Lomond (area 71 km#178;)
   England Windermere (area 15 km#178;)
   Wales Bala Lake (area 5 km#178;).

   The deepest lake in Great Britain is Loch Morar with a maximum depth of 309 m (Loch Ness is second, with a depth of 229 m).

   The highest in England are the Cumberland Mountains. There, in the famous Lake District, are the mountains of Sco Fell (978 m) and Helvellyn (950 m). The foothills of this volcanic massif descend almost to the very western shore. In the east, the Cumberland Mountains are separated by the river valley. Eden from the Pennines, which extend from the uplands of the Cheviot Hills to the English Midlands and divide the plains of Lancashire in the west and Yorkshire in the east. These mountains gradually decrease to the south, their southwestern spurs extending into Staffordshire, and their southeastern spurs into Nottinghamshire.

   The Pennines are located closer to the west coast than the east, and are deeply dissected by river valleys, especially the Tyne and Ayr
   The North Pennines (Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty) lie south of Hadrian's Wall and east of the Lake District, where they are divided by the River Eden Valley. These are young cliffs, consisting mainly of Carboniferous limestone, characterized by small slopes covered with moorland, the highest point being Cross Fell, 893 m high. There are also the West Pennines and the South.

   Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Great Britain.

   The ten highest mountains in Great Britain are in Scotland. Highest points in each part of the country:
   Scotland Ben Nevis (height 1344 m)
   Wales Snowdon (height 1085 m)
   England Scyfell Pike (in the Cumberland Mountains, height 977 m)
   Northern Ireland Slieve Donard (Morne Mountains, altitude 852 m)

England is located on islands, the largest of which are Great Britain and Ireland. The Isles of Man, Anglesey, Wight, the island groups of Shetland, Orkney, and the Hebrides have a relatively small area. The population of Great Britain is 64,789,810 people (as of 2015), with a density of 255 people per km².

The area of ​​the state is 242,514 km², the form of government is a parliamentary monarchy.

England is entirely in the temperate climate zone.

Orography of Great Britain

England is an island state. The largest islands are Great Britain and Ireland, which are separated by the Irish Sea. Together these islands occupy 85.8% of the total area. Groups of islands - Shetland, Orkney, Hebrides, as well as individual islands - Man, White, Anglesey - have a small area.

The island of Great Britain can be divided into several parts:

1. Mountainous Scotland with mixed and coniferous forests. The North Scottish Highlands include the Grampian Mountains and the North West Highlands, which are separated by the Glen Mawr depression. Mount Ben Nevis in the Grampian Mountains is the highest, its height is 1343 m. The Southern Scottish Highlands are lower relative to the Northern Scottish Highlands. Here is Mount Merrick, the highest in this highland, its height is 842 m.
2. Hilly England and Wales.
3. South-eastern England, where the landscape is predominantly flat.

In the north of England are the Pennines. To the northwest are the Cumberland Mountains.

The Cambrian Mountains are located in Wales. In the north they are higher than in the south.

Rivers and lakes of Great Britain

Along its entire length, the UK coastline is highly dissected.

The rivers of England are short in length, and all of them are not capable of passing ships from the ocean. The longest river is the Severn, its length is 354 km. The Thames takes second place, its length is 346 m. ​​There are seaports in the deltas of all major rivers.

The largest and most famous lakes in England are Loch Ness and Lough Neagh. Loch Ness is located in Scotland and has an area of ​​65 km². Lough Neagh is located in northern Ireland and has an area of ​​396 km². This is the largest lake in England.

Climate

The climate of the European island state is humid, with mild winters and cool summers. This is due to the fact that the warm Gulf Stream passes off the coast of Great Britain, which carries a large amount of heat from equatorial latitudes. Throughout the year, a fairly large amount of precipitation falls here - 760 mm in coastal areas, more than 2500 mm in the hills.

Winds blow northwest from the ocean. Therefore, winter here is warm, the thermometer rarely drops below 0 °C, and the average temperature is 4 °C. The average temperature in England in summer is 16°C.

The coldest region of the United Kingdom is Scotland, and the warmest is Wales.

Minerals

Coal

In terms of reserves of this mineral, Great Britain ranks second among Western European countries. There are four major coalfields: Northern, Southern, Central and Scottish. The average thickness of the layers is on average 2 meters. There are both long-flame coals and anthracite coals.

Oil and gas

England ranks fourth among European countries in natural gas reserves, and second in oil reserves. The main oil and gas deposits are located on the shelf zone of the North Sea. Main production locations: Lehman, UK, Indyfetigable - gas; Fortis, Magnus, Limen, Hewett - oil and gas.

Iron

Main deposits: Milo Egremont, Corby.

Kaolin

Deposits: Leigh Moor and St. Austen.

In the UK, copper, polymetallic ores, barium, tin, zinc, fluorite, ornamental and building materials, and celestine are mined in small quantities.

Features of the UK population

The main ethnic group in England are Europeans, who make up 87.2% of the total UK population. The rest are Africans, Pakistanis, Indians, etc.

Great Britain ranks 23rd in the world in terms of population. The population of this country at the beginning of 2015 was 64,789,810 people. The birth rate prevails over the death rate: 12 children born per 1000 population, 9 deaths per 1000 population. Fertility rate: 1.9 children per woman.

Net migration rate: 2.56 migrants per 1000 population.

The average UK population density is 255 people. per km²

Characteristics of the UK population

The national language of the United Kingdom is English, but each province has its own regional language. Recognized regional languages: Scottish, Welsh, Irish, Cornish.

The leading religion in England is Christianity, which includes: the Church of England, Roman Catholics, Methodists, Presbyterians - 59.5% of the population. The rest are Muslims, Buddhists, Jews and others. Great Britain is very tolerant; the population calmly accepts the existence of other religions on its territory.

Let's list the largest cities. The population of UK cities is:

• More than 9 million people in London.
• 2.3 million people - Birmingham.
• 2.2 million people - Manchester.
• 1.6 million people - West Yorkshire.
• 1.1 million people - Glasgow.

More than 79% of the total population is urban.

Great Britain: population and economy

The head of state is the British monarch, in this case the Queen. The prime minister is considered the head of government. Great Britain is a unitary state, consisting of four provinces that have significant autonomy: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In addition, England has sovereignty over territories that are not part of the kingdom. British Overseas Territories: Bermuda, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, British Indian Ocean Territory, Montserrat, Gibraltar, Pitcairn Island, Saint Helena, Cayman Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Islands, South Sandwich Islands, South Georgia, Falkland Islands. As well as sovereign military bases in Cyprus.

Crown lands: the Isle of Man, the islands of Guernsey and Jersey - Great Britain has all rights to these territories. The population of these islands is 253 thousand people, and their area is 766 km².

England ranks fourth in the world in trade, despite the fact that its population is only 1% of the population of the entire Earth. The UK exports more finished goods than raw materials. The country's main exporter is the USA.

One of the most important industrial sectors is the automotive industry. It employs more than 800 thousand people and has a turnover of £52 billion.

The leading sector of the English economy is the service sector. It accounts for 74% of GDP.

Main industries: mechanical engineering, chemical (pharmaceutical), metallurgical, mining, food.

The production and consumer sectors are fully supplied with electricity. Most of the electricity is produced by thermal power plants - 86%. The rest are nuclear power plants and hydroelectric power plants. The largest thermal power plant is located on the Trent River, its capacity is more than 1 million kW.

Most of the hydroelectric power plants are located in the Scottish Highlands.

Today we will swim a little in the rivers and lakes of Great Britain and at the same time learn more about them)

Are you ready, children?

Yes captain!

Even I got carried away: new_moon_with_face:

●Run to the kitchen

Brew tea

Read the post from the Butterfly Guild●

The River Severn is the longest river in Great Britain. The length of the river is 354 kilometers.

The Severn begins on the eastern slope in Wales, in its upper course, heading northeast, it forms several waterfalls, and from Welshpool, 244 km from the mouth, the Severn becomes navigable for barges. Heading further to the east, the Severn flows through a valley 1.5 km wide, crosses the fertile Shrewsbury Plain, and is surrounded by wooded mountains in its south-eastern, and towards the end - south-western lower course. Below Worcester, the Severn enters the fertile plain of Gloucester, at its mouth it spills into a wide estuary and between the cape of Bryn Down and Lavernock it flows into Bristol Bay.

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Windermere

The lake is famous for its incredibly beautiful scenery and is also the largest lake in England. Located in the county of Cumbria in the Cumberland Mountains at an altitude of 39 meters above the sea. Its area is 15 square meters. km, and the depth reaches 67 meters. Small rivers such as Rothay, Brathay, Trout Beck and others flow into Windermere.

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The River Eden flows down from the mountain peaks (between High Seat, Hugh Seat and the Yorkshire Dales). The length of the river is about 145 km. Eden divides two counties with its waters: Yorkshire and Cumbria. The river passes by the town of Appleby-in-Westmoorland and joins the River Caldew in the west. The united waters rush towards Soulway Bay. A railway was built across the river back in 1834, which is still in operation today.

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Derwent Water

The third largest lake from Cumberland (5.4 sq. km). A network of small islands (4 large and 9 small) formed on it. It is the third lake in England that was formed naturally after Windermere and Ullswater. On average, the depth of the lake reaches 5.5 meters. The depth maximum of the lake is 22 m. It is located at an altitude of 75 meters, and the lake is fed by the Derwent River.

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The Thames is the most popular river in England, not only because the capital of Great Britain is located on it. The Thames flows through the central regions of the country, on the territory of which the main events of British history unfolded, which is why the British call it “fluid history.” It is the longest river in England and the second longest in the UK after the Severn.

On its banks there are 47 castles and fortresses, many ancient picturesque towns and villages.

The Thames flows through southern England over a wide lowland. The consequence of this is constant river flooding due to high tides, stormy winds or heavy rainfall. For centuries, people have been constantly fighting floods. In London, high embankments and the Thames Barrier dam, commissioned in 1982, were built to protect against them.

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Ullswater

The lake was formed due to the movement of a glacier and is also located in the north-west of England in the Cumberland Mountains. The lake, like Windermere, is part of the Lake District National Park (Lake District). It is slightly smaller in area than Windermere (8.9 sq. km), so it ranks second after it in scale. Its deepest point is 63 meters, but the average depth is 25 meters.

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The River Wee marks the boundary between England and Wales. It starts from the top of Plinlymon and flows in the town of Chepstone next to the River Severn. The coastal zone is protected by the authorities and is considered a nature reserve. Compared to other rivers, the Huy is the cleanest. Its shores are well-equipped for vacationers, its waters are rich in fish resources, and athletes can kayak along the waters of Ui. Symonds Yat Rapids is the most tricky and difficult slope for amateurs to conquer.

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The Mersey passes through the city of Liverpool, which is Canadian only. And it also flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The source of the river, in turn, lies between the cities of Salt Bottom Lake and Tuskopeak Brook.

The length of the Mersey is 146 kilometers, and the total basin area is 3030 square meters. km. The river is quite narrow, calm and clean, so it is ideal for those who are interested in kayaking and rowing. A couple of centuries ago, the Mersey served as an important transport route, along which people first moved between cities, and then various goods, such as logs.

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Bassenthwaite

The lake was founded in the north-west of England on the peaks of the Cumberland Mountains. The small village of Bassentoue was built near its shore. Included in the Lake District. Of all the lakes listed, Bassenthwaite is the furthest north of the others. The area of ​​the lake is 5.3 square meters. km. It is the smallest of the 4 lakes and quite shallow (average depth - 5.3 m, maximum - 19 m).

The island of Great Britain is known for its maritime, humid climate, and rain and fog are not uncommon here. This climate is provided to it mainly by the Atlantic, from which winds regularly bring clouds filled with moisture and warm currents. It is not surprising that a dense network of various reservoirs and rivers has formed on this island. The largest rivers and lakes in Great Britain are listed below.

1. River Severn (354 km)

This is the longest river in all of Great Britain. The source of the Severn is located on one of the peaks of the Cambrian mountain range (Plinlaimon) at an altitude of 610 meters. The river then flows through various English counties (Ceredigion, Shropshire, Worcestershire, Gloucestershire). The speed of the Severn current is also very high. The Severn flows into the Bristol Bay of the Atlantic Ocean, forming a large estuary. Several tributaries flow into it, on the right are the Tim and Lydden, and on the left are the Raden, Stour and Avon. It is assumed that the name of the river is of Celtic origin, but what this word meant has been lost by descendants.

2. River Thames (334 km)

The Thames is only 20 kilometers shorter than the Severn, but in terms of celebrity it can give it a head start. Its sources are in Gloucestershire, from where it flows east to the North Sea. The main glory of the Thames is that it is the main waterway of the capital of the kingdom - London. Within the city, the river level can fluctuate by 7 meters. The Thames is fed by the waters of dozens of tributaries. There are also attractions on the river - islands and brackish water closer to the mouth. People have settled on the banks of the Thames since prehistoric times, for them it served as a source of water, a transport route, and later a source of energy. This river is closely woven into the long history of Great Britain. Nowadays, it no longer attracts conquerors, but artists and writers seeking inspiration on its picturesque shores. The Thames means to the British about the same as the Volga to the Russians - it is a national treasure.

All fairytale castles have a common annoying drawback - they are located in imaginary countries, so you can’t get into them at any cost. But in...

3. River Trent (296 km)

The Trent is one of England's largest rivers. Its beginning is in Staffordshire, on the southwestern spurs of the Pennines, descending from which it passes the counties of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, where it flows into the North Sea, forming an estuary. From the mouth to Nottingham (188 kilometers), the Trent channel is navigable. The largest tributaries of the Trent are the Devon, Blyth and Griet, and besides them, there are 9 more less abundant ones. On its banks are the cities of Nottingham, Stoke-on-Trent and others.

4. River Great Ouse (230 km)

This fourth longest river on the island of Great Britain is part of the North Sea basin and serves as the main waterway for all of eastern England. In the lower reaches it is also called the “old western river.” The word "Ouse" is either Celtic or even more ancient in origin, which could mean "water" or "slow current". Often, people simply call the entire river Uz, omitting the word “big”, although it is necessary, since there are several other small rivers whose names also contain the word Uz. The sources of the Great Ouse are located in central England, in the county of Northamptonshire, two kilometers south of the village of Wappenham. First, it rushes to the northeast, and then to the north, crossing the counties of Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, as well as Norfolk, where it flows into the North Sea at the Wash Bay. The Great Ouse is partially navigable from Kempston Mill in Bedford to the estuary, a distance of 116 kilometres.

5. River Wye (215 km)

The River Wye is notable for the fact that part of its course was chosen as a natural border between the neighboring countries of England and Wales. Its banks were made a recreation area and a nature reserve. In ancient times this river was called Waga, and the modern name is taken from the Welsh language and refers to the local mountainous terrain. The source of the Wye is on Mount Plinlaimon. Near the town of Chepstow, this river flows into the Severn Estuary. The advantage of this British river is the purity of its waters, so good fishing is possible on it. In the spring, fishermen often pull fish of record sizes out of the water. Wye is also interesting for kayaking enthusiasts. Despite the calm flow along almost the entire length of the river, there is a rather difficult descent near Symonds Yat Rapids.

6. Lough Neagh (396 sq. km)

This lake is the largest in area in Ireland: with a width of 15 kilometers, it stretches 30 kilometers in length. Lough Neagh is located 30 kilometers west of Belfast. In general, the lake is shallow, especially near the shores, with a maximum depth of 31 meters, the average depth is only 9 m. Eel and trout are found here. Water from the lake is discharged into the Atlantic through the Bann River. Due to its shallow depth, the lake easily becomes rough in windy weather. Despite this, it is used in commercial and recreational activities, and the local water company gets its drinking water from here. The Irish have an old legend telling about the formation of the lake - the once legendary hero Finn mac Cumal took a handful of earth and threw it into Scotland, but missed, ending up in the Irish Sea and forming the Isle of Man in it. In the same place where he scooped up this land, Lough Neagh arose.

7. Lough Erne (123 sq. km)

This double lake is also located in Northern Ireland, now part of Great Britain. Unlike Lough Neagh, this is the deepest lake on the island with a mark of 69 meters. For this reason, the lake became navigable. From it flows the River Erne, which flows into Donegal Bay. Loch Erie is literally crammed with islands, there are 154 of them. The most famous of the islands: Devenish, where there is a round Irish tower preserved from the 12th century, the island of Boa, where there is a cemetery and a pair of ancient pagan idols made of stone, as well as the island of Inishturk, which was bought by a dancer Michael Flatley. In the old days, Constant of Ireland, a local saint, lived near this lake.

8. Loch Lomond (71 sq. km)

The next lake is located in Scotland, in the administrative districts of Argyll and Bute, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire. This is the largest lake in Scotland by area, but in terms of water reserves it is significantly inferior to Loch Ness. The lake is located in a tectonic valley deepened by a glacier in the west of the Grampian Mountains. On its southern side there is a tectonic fault along which the geological boundary between lowland and highland Scotland passes. The maximum depth of the lake is approximately 190 meters, with an average of 37 meters. In the same southern part of Loch Lomond there are many islands: Inchmarrin (the largest), Inchfad and others. The lake flows from the River Leven, which joins the River Clyde at Dumbarton. It is interesting that some of the lake’s islands were filled in by humans in ancient times. In 2002, the lake was included in the Loch Lomond and Trossachs National Park.

London is an ancient city that dates back to 43 BC. e. It was founded by the Romans, calling it Londilium. Over time, the settlement grew richer and developed. ...

9. Loch Ness (56 sq. km)

This is the most famous and at the same time the largest lake in the UK in terms of fresh water reserves. It stretches from Inverness to the southwest for 36 kilometers. It became famous thanks to the story of the Loch Ness monster, supposedly living in its depths. There was even a museum dedicated to the monster on the shore of the lake. To this end, enterprising British established commercial routes to visit this attraction. There are no reliable facts that anyone actually saw Nessie, but even without that, tourists can enjoy the harsh beauty of northern Scottish nature here. Loch Ness became the largest body of water along the straight line of the Great Glen geological fault, running from Fort William to Inverness. It is included in the Caledonian Canal, which connects the east coast of Scotland with the west. The lake is of glacial origin. It is very deep and long, and the water in it is cloudy from humic substances from peat. The town of Fort Augustus at the southwestern end of Loch Ness has the only natural island, although artificial islands (crannogs) have also appeared there.

10. Loch O (38.5 sq. km)

This Scottish freshwater lake is located in the region of Argyll and Bute. It stretches for 41 kilometers from southwest to northeast and has an average width of only 1 kilometer and a maximum depth of 93 meters. It is the longest freshwater lake in Scotland. In the north, the lake is surrounded by small mountains (about 1100 meters), the other shores are hilly and mostly covered with forest. Several rivers flow into Loch O, and the only river O flows out in the north. Nowadays this lake is favored by tourists.

Great Britain is surrounded by great body of water all around. The eastern coast of Great Britain is washed by the North Sea. The western coast is washed by the Atlantic Ocean. There is the Irish Sea between Ireland and Great Britain. The southern coast is washed by the English Channel or La Manche("la manche" is a French word which means "a sleeve") and the Strait of Dover or Pas de Calais.

The Strait of Dover is 32 kilometers wide and is the narrowest part of the English Channel. It separates Great Britain from the continent of Europe. The Channel Tunnel ("Chunnel"), a great tunnel which is constructed under the English Channel, now links the UK with France. Thanks to this tunnel it is possible to travel by train from Paris to London which is extremely convenient.

All the seas around Britain are shallow and are good for fishing.

Great Britain has many rivers but they are not very long. The main rivers and estuaries are the Thames, the Severn, the Clyde, the Tweed and the Humber estuary.

The Thames is the most popular and the most important river. It is suitable for navigation. Large ships can get up to London Bridge which is 50 miles away from the sea. The river Thames is also famous for many notable cities which are situated on its banks. Among them are London and Oxford.

There is one annual event connected with the river Thames — it is called Swan Upping.

Swan Upping is the ceremony which takes place in the third week in July on the river Thames and is in fact a census of swans. Swans are counted and marked on a 70-mile, five-day journey up the River Thames. The Queen’s Swan Marker accompanied by the Swan Uppers catch and check the health of the swans and mark all new cygnets with the same mark as their parents. Swan Upping dates from medieval times, when the Crown claimed ownership of all swans at the time and when swans were considered a tasty ceremonial dish. The swan has had its royal status since the 12th century.

The Tweed flows between Scotland and England. The woolen fabric "tweed" is made in this region and it got its name from this river.

The Clyde is the main river in Scotland. Such rivers that flow down swiftly from the hills into the valleys are called "dales".

If we compare long English rivers with the big rivers of the world, they seem rather short. But still not many countries have such useful streams as England does.

The mouths of the majority of British rivers form good harbours. They are joined by canals so that it is possible to travel by water from one end of Great Britain to another.

The UK is known for its beautiful lakes. Most of them are in Scotland and north-west of England. Scottish valleys are filled with lakes. These lakes are called "lochs". There are two kinds of lakes - lakes with fresh water like Loch Ness and lakes like Norwegian fjords.

One of the most favorite British resorts is the Lake District in northern England with its beautiful lakes, valleys and hills. This district is a historical place for English literature, it is connected with the name of William Wordsworth (1770-1850), the founder of the Lake School. This school represented the romantic trend in the English literature at the beginning of the 19th century. The Lake School was actually a group of poets, the majority of whom lived in the Lake District.