overheard in Pribituzhye:
Currently, there are 33 primary care centers operating in the Anninsky district. A first aid station in the village of Gusevka will soon begin operating. Next in line - in the village of New Life and the village. Ramonier
At the beginning of the 20th century, single-yard peasants from the village of Stary Kurlak were resettled. The new settlement was recorded in documents dating back to 1810. At first it was called Old Kurlak State, then Old Kurlak 2nd, and in the 30s of the 20th century it received the modern name Mokhovoe, after the “moss” swamp, which almost dried up at the end of the last century (only small areas of marshy areas south of the village have been preserved) . In 1859, there were 90 households and 670 residents in Mokhovoy.
in the photo the village of Mokhovoe
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Dimitrovskaya Church was built, which received its name in honor of St. Demetrius of Thessalonica. The church was erected under the leadership of a wealthy local merchant Yaitsky, whose estate (Yaitsky farmstead) was located not far from the village (5 km to the south). At this time, the existence of G.I. Lapshin’s shop was noted. In 1904, a parochial school was opened, which after the Civil War became a school for working youth. In 1910, there were 190 households and 1,234 residents, as well as 11 small handicraft enterprises (tannery, mill, forge, fulling, pottery, trading shops, weeding, carpentry, tailoring)
in the photo the village of Mokhovoe
overheard in Pribituzhye:
The headquarters of opposition leader A. Navalny takes control of the September 8 elections to the Council of People's Deputies of the Anninsky District
During the Civil War, the village of Mokhovoe was located in the front line of the fighting of the Red and White troops. From 1921 to 1923, part of the peasants of the village of Mokhovoye, as part of the resettlement campaign carried out by the Soviet government, voluntarily went to the steppe, founding steppe villages in the surrounding area. In 1928, there were 254 households and 1,301 residents in Mokhovoy. The Starokurlaksky 2nd village council included the villages of Kretovsky, Povarovsky, Proletarsky and the Yaitsky farm.
Before the administrative-territorial reform of 1923-1929, when the district-volost division was replaced by a district one, the village of Mokhovoy was part of the Novokurlak volost of the Bobrovsky district of the Voronezh province.
The first collective farm, "Red Banner", was formed in the fall of 1929. Later it was named after the party leader Zhdanov. Collectivization took place in a brutal class struggle against “alien elements.” Many individual peasants were repressed. As part of the fight against religion in the 1940s, the church was also closed. The church building became the building of the collective farm administration, and then a village club and granary. In the 1960s, during the construction of a road, the building was completely demolished.
in the photo the village of Mokhovoe
The population in Mokhovoy was declining and in 1956 it was 614 inhabitants. By 1979, there were 183 households and 436 residents left in the village. In memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War, a monument was unveiled in the village in 1975. Around the same time, the building of the village House of Culture was built and a park was laid out. From 1974 to 1980, Mokhovoye was a production site of the Path to Communism collective farm. During this period, a kindergarten opened its doors, and a new mechanical workshop appeared on the collective farm.
At the beginning of 1991, a concrete bridge across the Kurlak River was put into operation. By 1990, the Zhdanov collective farm had 33 tractors, 14 combines, and 16 trucks. The collective farm herd was one of the best in the area. In the early 90s, Iskra LLP, which replaced the collective farm, was transformed into the Mokhovoye Agricultural Artel (SHA). Since 2002, the farm began to operate under the status of Niva LLC. At this time, the farms were updated, new granaries, a workshop, a gas station appeared, and an oil shop began to operate, producing unrefined sunflower oil and cake.
in the photo the village of Mokhovoe
The farm never remained aloof from the pressing affairs and concerns of the villagers. When gasification of the village began in 2008, it was the agricultural enterprise led by Vasily Efimovich Lyukov that provided assistance to private households. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War, Victory Park was founded using the funds of the farm.
Currently, there are two stores in the village: the Sadovsky general store and a store organized by a local farm. The village has a House of Culture, a post office, a medical center, and a village library. The city-forming enterprises are Agro-Rus LLC and Agrorus LLC, which replaced Niva LLC, which ceased its activities due to bankruptcy in the spring of 2015.
Administratively, the village belongs to the Novokurlak rural settlement. The attractions of the village of Mokhovoe include springs with the purest spring water and picturesque ponds, where you can enjoy fishing and simply relax in the lap of nature.
Mokhovoye Map (Anninsky District)
Background information about Mokhovoye Anninsky district will close automatically in a few seconds
This term has other meanings, see Mokhovoe.
VillageMokhovoye
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Mokhovoe- a village in the Anninsky district of the Voronezh region of the Russian Federation, on the Kurlak River. Included in the Novokurlakskoe rural settlement.
Story
To the foundation of the village of Mokhovoe
Mokhovoe from the site of the former horse mill
The area where the modern village of Mokhovoe is located (Old Kurlak 2nd) has been called the Wild Field since ancient times. The Polovtsians, Pechenegs, Tatars, and Nogais roamed here. Until the 18th century, these lands were no man's land, but Tatars appeared here quite often, carrying out raids on the southern borders of the Russian Federation. However, already at the end of the 17th century, Russian inhabitants of our planet came here. These lands were rich in forests, and there were a lot of fish in the local reservoirs. So, for example, at the end of the 17th century, the Voronezh governor D.V. Vatoropin sent “Oryol people” to these lands to catch fish: “having given them seines and all sorts of fishing gear, he sent them to Bityuk and the Sereda River and other places...” . Gradually, Pribituzhye begins to be populated by Russians.
Not far from modern Mokhovoy (11 km) across the Bityug River, since 1699 there was the Trinity Bityutsky Monastery, which in 1764, by decree of Catherine II, along with some other monasteries of the Voronezh diocese, was abolished.
The modern area of the village of Mokhovoe was part of Chervlyony Yar until the 16th century.
The village of Mokhovoe in the 19th century
View of Mokhovoy from the site of the former horse mill
Moss swamp in April against the backdrop of the village
The historical name of the village Mokhovoye is Old Kurlak 2nd. However, at first Mokhovoe was indicated in documents as the state-owned Old Kurlak, in order to distinguish it from the owner's Old Kurlak.
Mokhovoe arose at the beginning of the 19th century (around 1810). The village was founded by the descendants of odnodvortsy who moved here from Stary Kurlak. Since Old Kurlak in 1797 by Emperor Paul I was granted to Count A.A. Bezborodko and became a serf, and both palace peasants and single-palace peasants lived in the village, who could not be enslaved, the latter had to leave Old Kurlak. The settlers settled on personal lands slightly upstream of the Kurlak River on the site of an almost completely dried out moss swamp. Since, according to the book “Materials on the history of Voronezh and neighboring provinces. Issue XIV” in Stary Kurlak, from where the future residents of Mokhovoy moved, there were 46 people living in the same palace, it can be assumed that approximately the same number came to the new place of residence at the beginning of the 19th century.
The place where the horse mill stood
Directly after the name of the swamp, which dried up at the beginning of the 19th century, the village was later called Mokhov. However, there are not exactly huge areas of marshy areas at the moment. They are located in the south of the village. Mokhovoye was never a large village, but since the descendants of the same-lords lived here, the village was literally free every day, independent of the landowners. In 1859, in Old Kurlak state (Mokhov) there were 90 households and 670 inhabitants. Mokhovoye was part of the Novokurlak volost of Bobrovsky district.
In 1887, there were 117 households and 674 residents in Mokhovoy. In 1900, the village had 158 households and 957 residents. In the same year, the reference book “Populated Places of the Voronezh Province” notes the existence of a parochial school, which in the mid-1920s. became a school for working youth, 4 windmills, one small shop and one wine shop.
According to the “Journal of the Bobrovsky district zemstvo assembly from October 4 to October 8, 1889” The residents of Old Kurlak 2nd, that is, the village of Mokhovoy, have 1659 acres 720 sazhens of land of the 3rd category. Taking into account the not entirely huge number of village residents, this indicator is absolutely not bad. So, for example, in neighboring New Kurlak, with a population of 3512 people in 1900, there were only 1236 acres 2316 fathoms of land. This difference is explained, of course, by the fact that Novy Kurlak was a fortress village, and Mokhovoe was not. As a direct result of this, the residents of Mokhovoy lived in abundance literally every day.
Dimitrovskaya Church
At the end of the 19th century, the Dimitrovskaya Church was built in Stary Kurlak II (Mokhovoye). The village church is named after St. Demetrius of Thessalonica. It was built under the management of the local merchant Yaitsky, who was a rich man. According to legend, Yaitsky fell in love with a woman who lived in Mokhovoy (the merchant himself had a luxurious estate about 5 kilometers from Mokhovoy to the south). It was directly for her that he organized the construction of a church so that his beloved would have the opportunity to pray in the temple of God without leaving Mokhovoy (the nearest church was in New Kurlak and Stary Kurlak).
Dimitrovskaya Church was made of wood, the cracks were sealed with wool and upholstered with iron plates. The Mokhov Church was painted blue and seemed to be made monolithically; there were no cracks, holes, or recesses. The dimensions of the church were approximately 1020 meters, the height was about 20 meters. The foundation Monolith of the church was made of bricks produced in New Kurlak by the merchants Protorchin brothers. To make the foundation masonry especially strong, the solution was stirred with milk. The interior of the village temple was distinguished by the richness of its decoration. The huge inner dome was painted blue with the faces of saints and angels. The church had a bell tower and a spire on the roof at the back. On the right side, the Demetrius Church had a fence made of wood, there was a well with the purest water, and apple and plum trees were planted. In the 1940s The church was closed and the bell tower was demolished using a tractor. In the church building there was a collective farm administration, later a village club, and a granary. In the 1960s With the construction of an asphalt road, the ruins of the wooden church were irrevocably demolished.
The village of Mokhovoe in the 20th century
Country road to Mokhovoye from Krutenky pond
View of the village of Mokhovoye from the Talovskaya highway
According to the reference book “Settlements of the Voronezh Province” of 1906, in Mokhovoy there are 182 households, 1042 residents, 1 parochial school, 1 literacy school. There were 33 students in the parish school, and 34 students in the literacy school. In 1908, there were 38 students in the Mokhovsk literacy school.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the existence of G.I. Lapshin’s shop was noted in the village. In 1910, there were 190 households and 1,234 residents in Mokhovoy, and 11 small handicraft firms operated.
In 1918, the village of Mokhovoye was located in the front line of the fighting of troops red and white as snow. So, for example, on October 29, 1918, the villages of Novaya Chigla and Verkhnyaya Tishanka, which are located only 10 km from Mokhovoy, were occupied by white troops. The village of Mokhovoe was in the hands of the Red troops these days. But on November 17, units of the 13th Russian division, going into the offensive, pushed back the white units like snow and occupied Verkhnyaya Tishanka and the village of Biryuch.
The first collective farm in Mokhovoy was formed in the fall of 1929 and was called the “Red Army”. Later, the collective farm was named after the party leader Zhdanov, in the early 1990s. received the name "Iskra", and later - the agricultural artel "Mokhovoye".
In 1928, there were 254 households and 1,301 residents in Mokhovoy. The Starokurlaksky 2nd village council (that is, Mokhovsky) included the villages of Kretovsky, Povarovsky, Proletarsky, and the Yaitsky farm. Mokhovoye was part of the Anninskaya volost (center - the village of Anna, currently the town of Anna) of the Bobrovsky district.
According to the book “Settlements of the Central Black Sea Region,” in 1932 there were 1,407 inhabitants in Old Kurlak 2-mtr (Mokhovoye). The village was part of the Novokurlak village council.
Gradually, the population of the village of Mokhovoe decreased. In 1956, 614 people lived in the village, and by 1979 there were 436 people and 183 households.
In 1959, at the Mokhov collective farm named after. Zhdanova" included the village of Mokhovoye (Old Kurlak 2nd), the villages of Kretovka, Povarovka, Valsky.
In 1975, a monument was unveiled in Mokhovoy in memory of those killed during the Great Patriotic War.
Chronicle of the village of Mokhovoe
View of Mokhovoy from Krutenky Pond
Road to the village of Mokhovoe
1810 - 1st mention of the village of Mokhovoe
1859 - the first documentary evidence of the population of the village
1887 - the first documentary mention of the modern name of the village - Mokhovoe; The first documentary mention of the Kretov farm - the future steppe village of Kretovka
1900 - the first documentary evidence of the existence of the Dimitrov Church; The first documentary mention of a parochial school operating in the village
1906 - the population of the village exceeded a thousand and amounted to 1042 residents; The first documentary mention of a literacy school operating in the village
1918 - development of a plan for the distribution of land between the peasants of the Novokurlak volost, including the peasants of the village of Mokhovoe
1921 - the beginning of the voluntary resettlement of farmers from the village of Mokhovoe to the steppe
1928 - documentary mention of a 1st level school operating in the village; The village of Mokhovoe forms a separate administrative unit - the village council of Stary Kurlak 2nd with its center in the village of Mokhovoe
1929 - formation of the first collective farm "Red Army"
1932 - the village of Mokhovoye becomes part of the Novokurlaksky village council
1935 - the village becomes part of the Sadovsky district
1948 - demolition of the bell tower of the Dimitrovskaya Church
1959 - to the Mokhovsky collective farm named after. Zhdanov includes the village of Mokhovoe, the villages of Valsky, Kretovka, Povarovka
1972 - the village irrevocably receives its modern name - Mokhovoye
1975 - opening of a monument to fellow countrymen who died during the Great Patriotic War
2008 - connection of part of rural houses to the regional gas network
Social and financial life of the village
Farm fields in Mokhovoy
In modern Mokhovoy there are 2 stores: a store at the Sadovsky general store (the village of Sadovoe, Anninsky district) and a store organized by a local farm. The village has a community center, a post office, and a medical center. There is a rural library. In the village of Mokhovoye there is a farm "Niva", which provides a large part of jobs for local residents. In the early 1990s. A concrete bridge was built across the Kurlak River in Mokhovoye. Before this, the bridge was made of wood, which was demolished every spring during the flood. In the 1970-80s. Asphalt roads were laid along some of the village streets. In 2008, natural gas was installed in Mokhovoye, and some rural houses were connected.
Population
Bridge on Kurlak in Mokhovoy
1859 - 670 inhabitants
1887 - 674 inhabitants
1900 - 957 inhabitants
1906 - 1042 inhabitants
1910 - 1234 inhabitants
1928 - 1301 inhabitants
1932 - 1404 inhabitants
1956 - 614 inhabitants
1979 - 436 inhabitants
1998 - 546 inhabitants
Currently the population of the village is about 500 people. The overwhelming majority of residents are Russians. Religious affiliation - Orthodox Christians.
Transport
The Anna-Kushlevo bus goes to the village of Mokhovoe 2 times a day, which also goes to the neighboring villages of New Kurlak, Stary Kurlak, and the village of Kushlevo. Morning flight at 8:00, lunch at 15:00. Also along the Buturlinovka-Talovaya-Anna highway, which is located 2 km from the village, buses run to the regional center of Voronezh and in the opposite direction.
mass media
A television
A certain number of central television channels are received on air. Signals from all terrestrial television channels (except for the TNT channel, which is distributed from an amplifier in the regional center of Anna) are distributed from a television tower in the city of Bobrov - 80 km southwest of Mokhovoy.
Satellite television is still widespread among the village population.
Periodicals
Among the villagers, the newspaper of the Anninsky district “Anninsky News”, which is published in the regional center of Anna, is even more widespread. Mokhovites also subscribe to regional and all-Russian publications: newspapers and magazines.
Radio stations
In the village of Mokhovoe, radio receivers receive the following signals: “Radio of the Russian Federation”, “Mayak”, “Melody”, “Autoradio”.
Geographical location
Geography
The village of Mokhovoe is part of the Novokurlakskoye rural settlement of the Anninsky district of the Voronezh region of the Russian Federation. The lands of the village in the south border with the Talovsky district.
Mokhovoe is located on the meadow area of the Oka-Don Plain. From the west and from the north, the village is surrounded by the Kurlak River, in the south - the remains of the Moss swamp and the drying up Krutenky stream, which, connecting with the Zhiltsov stream, flows into the Kurlak river. The stream got its name because of its steep banks. The length of the stream is approximately 3 km. Krutenky flows into Kurlak in the south of Mokhovoy. In the center of the village there is the Kurlaka oxbow, which has now turned into a Kochki swamp.
Since its founding, the main occupation of the population has been agriculture. The main water artery is the Kurlak River.
The distance to the district center of Anna is 15 km, to the center of the rural settlement (the village of Novy Kurlak) - 2 km, the distance to the city of Voronezh - 120 km. Nearby villages: Old Kurlak, New Kurlak, Kushlevo, Brodovoye, Khleborodnoye, Novaya Zhizn, Biryuch, Verkhnyaya Tishanka. The distance to Bityug is 6 km, to the forest area, which is located to the west of the village, 5 km. The Anna-Talovaya-Buturlinovka highway runs near Mokhov. The nearest recreation center is in the village of Sadovoye - 15 km to the northwest. The nearest hotel is in the urban village of Anna.
Streams
- Cool;
- Zhiltsov.
Ponds
Krutenky Pond near Mokhovoy
There are many ponds in the village and near the village of Mokhovoy:
- Kretovsky,
- Povarovsky,
- Clay,
- New,
- Arshavsky,
- Semenov,
- student,
- Small salt licks,
- Cool,
- Wet.
There are a lot of fish in the ponds: pike, crucian carp, carp, carp, roach, rudd, gudgeon.
Pond Krutenky
Springs
- Cold Key;
- Wet Top;
- Zakharov well;
- Squad.
Time zone
The village of Mokhovoe is located in a time zone, internationally designated as Moscow Time Zone (MSK). The offset relative to UTC is +4:00. Mokhovsky time differs from UTC+3 standard time by one hour.
Climate
The climate of the area where the village of Mokhovoe is located is temperate continental with an average annual temperature of +5.0 °C.
Animal world
In the vicinity of Mokhovoy there are many hares, foxes, and sometimes you can meet a wolf. From the forests along the banks of the Bityug River, roe deer and wild boars come running to the Mokhov fields. There are a lot of waterfowl in Mokhovsky reservoirs: wild ducks, geese. Cranes, herons, and partridges are absolutely common. A huge number of starlings, larks, and tits.
Sport
The village of Mokhovoe is a sports village. In the 1950s in the village there was a sports talk “Collective Farmer” at the local collective farm named after. Zhdanova. The Mokhovoye football team participates in the Anninsky district football and mini-football championship every year. In 2009, the Mokhovskaya elementary school was rebuilt into a sports and recreation complex. Mokhovites love football, skiing, and swimming.
Streets
There are 6 streets in the village: Kolkhoznaya, Lenina, Naberezhnaya, Rabochaya, Sadovaya, Rossiyskaya.
Attractions
The attractions of the village of Mokhovoe are the local nature. The area of the village of Mokhovoe has significant recreational and tourism potential, which has practically not been realized. Beautiful views and virtually untouched nature make these places truly attractive for recreation and entertainment. 3 km east of the village there is the Cold Spring - a spring with the purest spring water with impurities of silver. There is also the purest spring water in Zhiltsovoy Log - 2 km south of the village.
Monuments
- monument to soldiers who died during the Second World War;
- monument to V.I. Lenin.
The village of Mokhovoye got its name from a swamp that dried up 2 centuries ago;
From the village to the equator there are more than 5 thousand km;
The ancestors of the residents of the village of Mokhovoye were odnodvortsy; as a result, Mokhovo residents were never serfs;
In tsarist times, men from neighboring villages tried to take Mokhovka women as wives, since they were believed to be more hard-working than their girls;
During the Great Patriotic War, columns of Russian soldiers repeatedly passed through Mokhovoye, and a pontoon bridge was built across the Kurlak River.
Natives of the village
Toroptsev, Ivan Grigorievich (1901-1942) - colonel, commander of the 77th, 172nd (3rd Crimean Division), 271st Infantry Divisions during the Second World War;
Shchetinin, Ivan Nikolaevich (1925-) - man of three Orders of the Red Banner, WWII veteran;
Kuznetsov, Dmitry Nikolaevich (1917-2008) - guard colonel, WWII veteran;
Kalaev, Ivan Konstantinovich (1921-1943) - junior lieutenant of the 243rd rifle division during the Second World War;
Kalaev, Ivan Kuzmich (1913-1944) - captain of the 116th Infantry Division, commander of the 2nd Division of the 406th AKP during the Second World War;
Chunikhin, Alexey Petrovich (1915-1943) - guard captain, senior doctor of the 29th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 28th Guards Kharkov Rifle Division during the Second World War;
Barannikov, Ivan Alekseevich (1924-1944) - junior lieutenant, commander of a rifle company of the 109th rifle division during the Second World War, member of the Komsomol;
Toroptsev, Maxim Petrovich (1913-) - chairman of the Komsomolets collective farm, during the Second World War the commander of a not entirely huge formation;
Kalaev, Alexander Pavlovich (1923-) - deputy political instructor of foot reconnaissance of the 170th rifle regiment during the Second World War;
Kalaev, Nikolai Antonovich (1921-) - lieutenant, commander of the 5th rifle company of the 2nd rifle battalion of the 492nd rifle regiment of the 199th rifle division during the Second World War, member of the Komsomol;
Lutov, Vasily Petrovich (1918-1944) - lieutenant, platoon commander of the counterintelligence department of the 13th Army during the Second World War, member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks;
Pronin, Konstantin Pavlovich (1910-1943) - captain, deputy battalion commander for political affairs of the 136th Infantry Regiment of the 97th Infantry Division during the Second World War, member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks;
Toroptsev, Ilya Makarovich (1898-) - participant in the storming of the Winter Palace in 1917, senior lieutenant during the Second World War, a man of the Order of Lenin, 1st chairman of the Proletarsky collective farm, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
Pronin, Sergei Ivanovich (1919-) - officer from among the junior command staff during the Second World War, artilleryman, participant in the assault on Koenigsberg.
Notes
- ^ There is no forest near Mokhovoy, the forest grows along the banks of Bityug ((subst: emphasis)) - 6 km from Mokhovoy
- ^ “Materials for the history of Voronezh and neighboring provinces, consisting of royal charters and other acts of the 17th and 18th centuries. Book 1", Voronezh, Publishing house Mtr. De Poulet, 1861
- ^ they were directly enslaved
- ^ Compiled by - Liter.. B. Weinberg, Voronezh, Typolitography of the Provincial Board, 1889
- ^ Lists of populated places of the Russian Empire. Populated areas of the Voronezh province. Reference book. T.9, Voronezh, 1859
- ^ “Memorable book of the Voronezh province for 1887 T.1”, Voronezh, typopolitography of the Provincial government, 1887
- ^1 2 Populated areas of the Voronezh province. Voronezh, 1900, Typolytography by V. I. Isaev
- ^1 2 Journal of the Bobrovsky district zemstvo assembly from October 4 to October 8, 1889, Voronezh, 1890
- ^
- ^ Journal of the Bobrovsky district zemstvo assembly for 1908, Voronezh, 1908
- ^ Revolutionary movement. Chronicle of 1918 T.1", Voronezh, 1930
- ^ Populated areas of the Voronezh province, Voronezh, 1928
- ^ Anna: century after century", Voronezh, 1998
- ^ "Voronezh region. Administrative-territorial division", Voronezh, 1959
- ^ Streets
Literature
Podlesnykh S.N. History of the village of Mokhovoe, Voronezh province.
Anna: century after century. Voronezh. Central Black Earth Book Publishing House, 1998.
Populated areas of the Voronezh province.
Memorable books of the Voronezh province.
“Materials for the history of Voronezh and neighboring provinces, consisting of royal charters and other acts of the 17th and 18th centuries. Book 1", Voronezh, Publishing house Mtr. De Poulet, 1861.
Lists of populated places of the Russian Empire. Populated areas of the Voronezh province. Reference book. T.9, Voronezh, 1859.
Populated areas of the Voronezh province. Voronezh, 1900, Typolytography by V. I. Isaev.
Populated areas of the Voronezh province"Voronezh, 1906.
Journal of the Bobrovsky district zemstvo assembly for 1908, Voronezh, 1908.
Revolutionary movement. Chronicle of 1918 T.1", Voronezh, 1930.
Categories:
- Settlements in alphabetical order
- Settlements of the Anninsky district of the Voronezh region
Vasilyevka (Anninsky district)
Romanovka (Anninsky district)
Vasilyevka (Anninsky district)
Studenoye (Voronezh region)
New Life (Anninsky district)
Artyushkino (Voronezh region)
Mokhovoye (Anninsky district)
Berezovka (Anninsky district)
Upper Toida
Nashchekino
Photo: © Igor Podgorny
Very neat people lived in this apartment. They did not forget to tear off the pages of the calendar. They did not forget to do this on Thursday, July 29th. And by evening the village of Mokhovoe was gone. The wooden buildings burned to the ground, but the stone two-story buildings still stand. From a distance they seem relatively intact, but as soon as you get closer, it becomes clear: there will never be life in these houses. And until they are destroyed, thrillers can be shot here without additional scenery. Broken glass, abandoned things, burnt books, bright children's balls, toys... The curtains sway in the wind, abandoned potatoes sprout on the floor. And, as they said in the famous film...silence. From the windows you can see a dead forest, burnt equipment and...an absolutely intact building behind a neat fence. Ironically, the kindergarten was not damaged. Just shortly before the fire, the roof was re-roofed and the heating system inside was replaced...Another more or less intact building in Mokhovoy is an outpatient clinic. Everything else turned into firebrands and ashes.
And now the village is gone. Why? According to the official version - because of the extremely hot summer, according to local residents - because there was no one to protect the forests and there was no one to put out the fires... Data about the terrible consequences of the fires also vary. According to official data, as of August 2, 2010, 9 people died in fires in Mokhovoy and Kadanka (a neighboring village). Local residents give slightly different figures: 12 dead, 6 burnt bodies unidentified, 20 missing: “My brother-in-law died here, there’s nothing left of him at all, just ashes”...About 300 people were left homeless. They are about to move into new houses built on the outskirts of Beloomut. They will have to live in a new way in a settlement called “Novoye Mokhovoye”.
P.S. In the age of innovation and nanotechnology, people literally burned alive, hiding from the firestorm in cellars and basements. Nobody taught them how to behave in case of a forest fire. No one warned them of the impending danger. Not to mention saving. No one came to their aid...
And it seems that to this day, those at the top have not realized that the danger did not end with the terrible summer of 2010. And we should have started preparing for next summer yesterday. “The federal authorities are still powerless in the face of the current threat. The departments responsible for extinguishing fires do not have enough equipment and experienced specialists,” says Alexey Yaroshenko, head of the forestry department of Greenpeace Russia.
Mikhail Shlyapnikov
told a correspondent of New Times magazine, the main topic in the latest issue of which was this year’s fires: My godfather works as a firefighter in Yegoryevsk. The only new equipment they purchased was an office chair. They bought it and ordered no one to sit on it. The firefighters are confused. Almost all of the equipment donated by volunteers is already out of order. But there is nothing new and nothing is expected. Every day they are driven into the forest: supposedly to extinguish the remaining fires. Showing off. This is only so that their red car can be seen from a helicopter. There really are fires in the forest, but they are almost never extinguished..
The trees that burned this year are almost never removed. By next summer they will dry out and become excellent firewood... And very close to the dry firewood, people will live in new houses... People who, in spite of everything, continue to praise “United Russia” and Putin personally. Apparently, on the TVs that were given to them instead of the ones that burned out, they still talk about how a man of ambition and others like him, if something happens, will come in a yellow Kalina and will not let them be offended...
One of the buildings that did not burn to the ground.
Surviving kindergarten.
The abandoned potatoes sprouted.
Bed.
Switch.
Wooden decorations sway in the draft, making a light knock. It's creepy.
They say that before the fire it was very beautiful here.
Everything burned down very quickly.
Fire tower. Just a few years ago there was a man on duty there all the time. The new Forest Code, adopted in 2007, does not provide for fire protection of forests.
Over the weekend I visited the village of Mokhovoy or former Mokhovoy, which burned at the end of July 2010 as a result of a forest fire.
The fire victims from Mokhovoy were relocated to the outskirts of Beloomut, which is a few kilometers from the former village.
On the way to the village. It looks like a hydrogen bomb explosion all around.
Although the picture a year ago was more terrifying. Fallen and “dead” trees are cut down and removed.
Despite the fact that the fire completely destroyed only half of the village, they decided not to rebuild it.
The reason for this is the peat fires that surrounded Mokhovoye, which could not be extinguished; they continue to burn under the snow.
The fire spread in a matter of minutes.
12 one-story houses, three two-story brick apartment buildings burned down, and many apartments in other multi-story buildings were also damaged.
Children once played here. There is a kindergarten nearby. He was not injured during the fire.
Next to the club, which in appearance was practically undamaged.
Early in the morning, three trees caught fire near the cemetery, which is several kilometers from the village, says pensioner Antonina Suvorova. - We called the fire department. But they said: they say, now there is no equipment, we have a fire near Kolomna, as soon as we save it, we will come to you. But due to a strong wind, the fire spread to the forest, and a few hours later we saw a 15-meter flame moving above the treetops. It was a nightmare!
The fire destroyed the village - 15 houses - in literally 20 minutes.
Those who had personal transport were evacuated from the disaster zone, those who had nothing to leave with took refuge in cellars and basements.
This decision turned out to be disastrous. When dismantling the fire site in the village of Mokhovoye, Lukhovitsky district, Moscow region, six dead were discovered. A total of 9 people died.
People barely had time to run out of the house. No one thought about things...
The neighbor's daughter managed to stuff two loaves of bread into a bag - that's all they took out of the apartment.
Another neighbor recently took out a car on credit and didn’t have time to drive it away - it burned down, and he barely escaped.
Judging by the sound and appearance, felled trees were being sawed there. In principle, correct, at least some benefit...
The ruins of one of the houses.
Crystal and porcelain melted in the sideboards. Sheets of glass began to flow like pancakes in a frying pan...
Three roads from the village were cut off by fire. There was a fourth left, which, a few minutes after everyone ran away, also burst into flames. As we ran towards the highway, our clothes caught fire. One of the residents died because he couldn’t put out the fire and was burned alive...
Some villagers began to cut down trees to contain the fire and prevent it from spreading over the tops to houses. But it was not possible to stop the flames.
The fire was extinguished only by nightfall.
Now all residents live in new houses.
They say that even Zhirinovsky sent everyone 2000! I made a translation by mail :)
The government gave 200,000 to everyone. The church allocated 30,000 to everyone.
Someone is not happy about the layout of new houses. The bathrooms were combined, but people weren’t used to it, etc.
But in any case, it is better than being homeless. IMHO.
PS
If I suddenly made an inaccuracy/mistake somewhere, please correct me.
Mokhovoe Shatilov estate July 3rd, 2013
The estate of the Shatilov nobles, which will be discussed, is located near the ancient Russian city of Novosil, in the village of Mokhovoye, Oryol region. The estate was founded at the end of the 17th century. Over time, scientist F.Kh. Mayer created a forest nursery on the territory of the estate. Subsequently, an entire agricultural breeding station is formed. In the Soviet years, it was even more expanded and had a direct impact on the development of the Oryol, Tula, Tambov, Lipetsk and Kursk regions. However, in 1988 it ceased to exist. True, in recent years there has been a revival of it (on a more than modest scale). Many manor and farm buildings have survived to this day. Therefore, I propose to take a tour of the estate and read the glorious history of the Shatilovsky breeding station.
The Shatilovs are an old Russian noble family. At the beginning of the 17th century. for their devoted service they were granted lands on the territory of modern Oryol and Kaluga regions. The appearance of the family coat of arms also dates back to this period: on the red background of the shield, a river meandered, reminiscent of Rakovka, on which the village of Mokhovoye, which became the family nest of the Shatilovs, is located. 
1694 is the year the estate was founded by Fyodor Mokeevich Shatilov. Seven years later, a large wooden house is being built in Mokhovoy, and on the square in front of it is the wooden St. Nicholas Church. In 1777, it was dismantled and transported to the ancient city of Novosil. 
And in its place, court councilor Osip Fedorovich Shatilov erected a stone temple in the name of the Kazan Mother of God. 
In 1817, the Shatilovs invited the German F.Kh. Mayer. Franz Christianovich Mayer was born in Hanover, he received his education at the court school of King George III, then studied gardening. Soon, young Franz turned out to be such a knowledgeable gardener that he was sent in 1801 to accompany a batch of exotic plants purchased by Count A.K. Razumovsky to Russia. 
Mayer was not only a talented manager who rebuilt the Shatilov estate in a European manner, but also a talented scientist, for whom conditions were created for scientific activity. In 1821, the Shatilovs decided to create a park adjacent to the estate. At that time, they were convinced that in the forest-steppe zone, where Mokhovoe is located, not a single coniferous tree could grow on the black soil except pine. Mayer decided to prove that any coniferous trees can be grown here, including spruce, fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian cedar, and larch. In addition to the park, Mayer begins to plant large plantations of artificial forest on inaccessible areas, on the slopes of ravines and ravines. Seeds for afforestation were not only collected from local plantings, but also purchased, including from abroad. In 1839, an open irrigated nursery for growing seedlings of tree species was founded in the Rakovka floodplain. 
The created nursery satisfied the afforestation needs of many estates in the surrounding provinces, and the count was hundreds of thousands and millions of seedlings. On October 1, 1857, L.N. arrived on horseback from Yasnaya Polyana to Mokhovoe. Tolstoy, then still a rising star of Russian literature. The writer purchased 536 Siberian larch seedlings for planting on his estate. Mayer died in the summer of 1860 and, according to his will, was buried in the fence of the Kazan Church in the village of Mokhovoe.
The Imperial Free Economic Society, of which Mayer was a full member, established a gold medal in memory of the scientist. This high award was awarded to the successor of his work, Joseph Nikolaevich Shatilov. 
In 1834, two brothers took possession of the village: collegiate adviser Nikolai Vasilyevich (father of the famous scientist) and Major General Ivan Vasilyevich Shatilov, who included 100 courtyard people and 242 peasants. After 30 years, Joseph Nikolaevich Shatilov becomes the sole owner of the local estates.
I.N. Shatilov is an active state councilor, a cultural village owner and a public figure. Born in Moscow, he was raised at home. He spent his childhood in Mokhovoy, where he often visited Mayer, whose activities awakened a craving for natural science.
In 1864, Joseph Nikolaevich moved to the village of Mokhovoye, where he became “the talk of the town” for his neighbors - landowners who considered all his ideas “unforgivable stupidity.” The young owner begins to apply a whole range of new farming techniques and agricultural technology: he widely uses manure and the Hohenheim plow, is one of the first in Russia to switch to mineral fertilizers, improves the three-field system by introducing wheat, potatoes and sugar beets into the crop rotation, and sows alfalfa. The wheat bred on the estate received a bronze medal at an exhibition in Paris in 1866, and his oats began to be sown throughout Russia, which, like wheat, received the name of the breeder. He considered the cultivation of forests to be an important matter. He expanded the existing forest nursery and planted 153 acres of forest on ravines and inaccessible areas in the vicinity of Mokhovoy, and later began to use field-protective plantings. 
Everyone who wanted to learn forestry came to his estate, and he never refused anyone. Having visited Mokhovoe again in July 1865 and stayed there for five days instead of the planned three, Leo Tolstoy subsequently wrote: “This is probably the most wonderful farm in Russia, and he is one of the nicest people in terms of simplicity, intelligence and knowledge.” 
I.N. Shatilov was the president of the Imperial Moscow Society of Agriculture and a member of about forty other different committees and societies. He published more than 50 brochures, articles and reports on various issues of agriculture and related industries. He was one of the initiators of the organization of the Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy, now the Moscow Agricultural Academy. Academy named after K. A. Timiryazeva. He took part in local public activities as a public figure, an honorary justice of the peace and a member of the district school council. He built and maintained three schools and a hospital at his own expense, and he himself toured schools in the district, attending exams and taking care of the financial situation of teachers, significantly increasing their salaries. 
The work of Joseph Nikolaevich Shatilov was continued by his youngest son Ivan Iosifovich. The severe drought of 1891 prompted the development of the idea of creating agricultural experimental stations in Russia. The initiator was the famous soil scientist P.A. Kostychev. He personally came to Mokhovoye to inspect a plot of 65 acres of land donated for science by I.I. Shatilov. The first station personnel settled in the village of Mokhovoy and in 1898 began scientific experiments under the leadership of G.N. Nefedov. 
From 1899 to 1906, the work was headed by the scientist and agronomist V.V. Wiener, who was replaced by A.N. Lebedyantsev. At the station, the biological characteristics of potatoes, winter and spring grains, and perennial grasses were studied; their responsiveness to fertilizers and soil cultivation methods. A.N. Lebedyantsev’s research in agrochemistry, agrophysics, and plant biology became an outstanding contribution to agricultural science. In 1912, a selection department was created in Shatilovka, headed by the outstanding breeder P.I. Lisitsyn. 
His name is associated with the development of the main food crops of that time - rye, oats, buckwheat and clover. These varieties: oats Shatilovsky-56, winter rye Lisitsyn, buckwheat Bogatyr, clover Srednerussky, were cultivated over vast areas and had no competitors for a long time. Lisitsyn rye was zoned until 1973, Bogatyr buckwheat and Srednerussky clover are still included in the State Register of Varieties of the Russian Federation. 
The Soviet government, understanding the special importance of the station’s work in 1918 and in 1919, allocated additional land, the total area was more than 2,000 acres, the capabilities and scale of work increased sharply. In 1921 V.I. Lenin signed a decree on seed production, and P.I. Lisitsyn headed the first of the seed-growing organizations, the Shatilov State Seed Culture, whose tasks included the propagation of selective and pure varieties of field and garden plants. In 1923, on the initiative of the scientist and under his leadership, the Shatilovsky Union of Seed Growers was created, uniting organizations for the production of varietal seeds. 
In March 1988, the station, which by that time had departments: selection, seed production and seed science, agriculture, vegetables and potatoes, livestock, mechanization, economics and propaganda, which had a direct impact on the development of the Oryol, Tula, Tambov, Lipetsk and Kursk regions, ceased its work existence as a scientific institution. However, this story could not end so ingloriously. Thanks to the efforts of many people, on April 3, 1996, the President of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences G.A. Romanenko signed an order to restore the Shatilovsky experimental station. And now they are selling seeds by the handful...
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