If this is your first time on any body of water, then you are faced with the question: how to ensure successful fishing? Successful fishing, which involves good fishing, includes several important nuances. To choose the right place for fishing, you can have different knowledge, for example, you can be observant and focus on the water level, air temperature, placement of snags, etc.

But for successful fishing, it is necessary to take into account such a factor as determining the depth of the reservoir and, accordingly, the bottom topography in those places where fish usually feed. Of course, you can try to measure the depth visually, that is, if the water in some place is darker, then it is clearly deeper there. But time does not stand still and today you can use such a convenient device as a fishing depth gauge.

Depth gauge for fishing

As already mentioned, a depth gauge is used to measure the depth of a reservoir in a fishing area, and it is also necessary for lowering bait to a certain depth. Depth gauges come in different types: light, heavy, lead, etc., that is, here we can talk about a mechanical version of the depth gauge. By the way, this type of device is easy to make yourself.

It is also worth noting another version of the depth gauge, which includes devices such as an echo sounder and electronic depth gauges that operate on the principle of emitting an ultrasonic signal. That is, the signal is emitted and then reflected from the bottom and the device records its reflection. Typically, such devices are installed on a variety of watercraft, but at the same time, there are portable versions of depth gauges that are available for widespread use on bodies of water.

Echo sounder depth gauge

Electronic depth gauges and, in particular, echo sounders can be divided into summer and winter versions. This division is conditional, since the bulk of these devices have a universal purpose and can be used both in summer and winter.

Depth gauge for summer fishing

Echo sounders for summer use mean that they will be used from a boat or from the shore. Echo sounders installed on boats have some differences among themselves. Thus, cheaper models can only operate effectively at low speeds, and they usually cover the area directly under the boat. As for more expensive models, their capabilities are significantly higher: they operate at higher speeds, covering the space not only under the boat, but also in front of it.

Summer fishing also includes coastal echo sounders, which differ from devices installed on boats and boats. The differences are that there is an echo sounder sensor, which is cast on a fishing rod, and the information is delivered via a radio signal. The leading position in this sector is occupied by Humminbird, which is known for its SmartCast series.

Depth gauge for winter fishing

Some echo sounders can be additionally equipped with a sensor that allows you to view the bottom through the ice. However, you must keep in mind that this sensor will help you if this is the first ice in which there are a minimum of air bubbles.

The majority of echo sounders that have a wide-beam sensor can be used both from a boat in summer and on ice in winter conditions. The only thing that is required is that echo sounders used in winter can withstand low temperatures. Some manufacturers produce special models of echo sounders that can withstand temperatures below minus ten degrees, for example, JJ-Connect Fisherman 200 Ice Edition.

It is also worth noting the tube version of the echo sounder, which implies the location of the sensor in a special tube, which is lowered into the hole (Botton Line - Fishin "Buddy 2255). In addition, there is an innovative type of echo sounder, which belongs to the so-called flashers. These devices scan the space in real time The echo sounder screen is a circle that is divided into zones, and at the same time you can even see the bait (Hondex FL-18) on it.

Digital depth gauge

The use of an electronic depth gauge is based on a simple operation. You need to place it in the hole and press a button, and you will see numbers on the screen related to the depth, and also find out the temperature of the air and water. As an example, consider the JJ-Connect Fisherman 120. This depth gauge can not only be used in a hole, but it is also effective when scanning through ice. Plus, this model has a function with which you can determine the presence of fish. However, this function does not allow you to determine where exactly the fish is located.

This electronic device differs from echo sounders in that its beam can be directed in a direction convenient for you. It is also worth noting the fact that the price for this device is quite affordable and usually does not greatly exceed the hundred dollar mark. In addition, there is a handheld depth finder on the market, the JJ-Connect Fisherman 140, which is a more advanced version of the Fisherman 120.

Sinker depth gauge

Different fishing gear requires the use of different types of depth gauges. For example, when fishing with a plug rod, you can use a depth gauge from Stonfo. This depth gauge has a lock that allows you to securely and firmly attach it to the equipment. The positive factor of this product is its low price. Plug-in depth gauges also include products that have a lead body and soft material at the bottom (Sensas). In this case, they are fastened using a hook, which is threaded into a loop located at the top, and then it is stuck into the foam. And finally, a clothespin depth gauge, which is usually used when fishing with a flat float. It is attached to a chain of pellets.

As for the swing and match fishing rod, here the depth gauge-clothespin is attached to the hook of the equipment. If the float sinks, then the depth is shallow and the depth gauge should be moved up the line. This operation must be repeated until the float appears out of the water.

DIY depth gauge

Make it mechanical depth gauge You can do it yourself, and it's a fairly simple process. Let us consider step by step the work that involves making a lead depth gauge. Before starting work, you need to prepare a workpiece, which is a lead weight with a loop on top, as well as “Moment” glue, a file and a travel mat.

1. Using a file, it is necessary to give the lead blank the shape of a triangle, while the bottom of the load should be flat.
2. Next, you should place the weight on the travel mat and use a pen to circle its base.
3. The resulting outline must be cut out.
4. Then the cut out circle should be smeared with glue, allowed to dry a little and after that it should be glued to the base of the load.
5. In principle, the work is finished - the homemade depth gauge is ready. The only thing that can be done is to polish it, that is, use a lighter to correct the edges.

The bow is one of the most accessible weapons for hunting. At the moment, many hunters are wondering how to make a bow for hunting with their own hands, since archery is one of the most exciting options for shooting prey. A bow made for hunting with your own hands can easily take its rightful place among environmental souvenirs.

How to make a simple bow

To make a simple bow, you will need wood from durable wood species (cedar, pine, spruce, maple, elm, birch, bird cherry, pear, larch, apple tree). The dimensions of the bow depend on its future use. Hunting requires a compact weapon, so you need to choose a suitable line (flexible branch), apply its end to your thigh with one hand, straighten it with the other hand and move it slightly to the side so that the hand and the piece coincide with each other. The end of the bow will be where your hand can reach. In the center the width of the bow should be 5 cm, and at both ends 1.5 cm. Next, at a distance of 1.25 cm from the ends, mark the grooves for the bowstring.
Next, you should clean the workpiece from the bark, and then, giving it the required shape, rub it with animal fat.

How to make a compound bow

A real combat bow or for serious hunting is best made as a compound bow, i.e. from two or three parts. Making it, of course, is much more difficult, but finding materials for blanks is easier. Such a bow most often consists of three wooden components, or parts made of bone or horn. The edges of such a bow can be 1.5 meters in length.

The base of the bow is called “kibit”, and plays the role of a frame to which the main parts are attached. The kibit must be enclosed in a “handle” and two arms – horns, which should end with fastenings for the bowstring. The horns should have different lengths - the lower one should be shorter than the upper one. This plays a huge role when shooting from the knee. If you are not a fan of this kind of shooting, then you can make the length of the horns the same.

To make kibiti, wood that is suitable for making a simple bow is suitable. The tree should be chosen of medium thickness, without layered flexible wood. The optimal choice is near the native dense and porous areas of the tree.

To make horns, you should choose bird cherry that grows near a pond.

Using fish glue (made from crushed fish bones) you need to glue the finished parts together. After this, soak it in fat or cedar resin. The gluing areas should be tightened with the tendons of the animal and soaked in fat again. Glued onions should be processed using a sharp knife.

To give the bow maximum strength, the inside of it should be covered with a plate of spruce “kremlin”, and the outside with a birch plate. After this, we cover the entire onion with birch bark. The birch bark should be boiled and pasted over while still warm, with the fibers lengthwise.

Bowstring

It is made from a strip of rawhide 3 mm wide, cord or twisted nettle stems. If the bow has good flexibility, the string can be made long. The string should not be too tight. We put a string on the lower horn of the bow, near the middle of the inner part of the left foot, resting it on the floor, pull the handle towards us, with the other hand we press down the upper end and put on the bowstring loop. If the bow is powerful, then we rest its lower end on the ground so that the middle of the bow touches the back of the leg, then bend the bow and put on the string. The correct bowstring is located about 15 centimeters from the handle.

Arrows

It is clear that the length of the arrows will depend on the bow. It is the length of the arrows that ensures high-quality tension. To make an arrow, a blank, you need to rest it in the middle of your chest, stretching your arms forward. Wherever your fingertips are, that's where the end of the arrow will be. The tips should not touch the kibita. The diameter of the arrows is 6 mm. For hunting small game, arrows are made of light wood; for large animals, arrows are made of heavy and hard wood.

For arrows, you need to choose logs without knots, split them into splinters, and process them with a sharp knife. A slot should be made in the end tail part, 5-6 mm deep, slightly less wide than the diameter of the bowstring. Any strong flight feathers of birds are suitable for plumage.

To hunt small birds, the arrows are simply sharpened at the end. If hunting involves more serious game, then you will need a simple tip made of bone or flint, giving them the shape of a sharp triangle.

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Making winter vents with your own hands

Catching predators with girders in winter is interesting and good for health. It's funny to watch how people of different ages run to the gear with a raised flag. And what does it cost to drill 1-3 dozen holes in a thick ice shell? After such fishing, excess weight is burned, and insomnia disappears.

What else can you do with your own hands for winter fishing?

Not all fishermen can afford to purchase a dozen equipped girders. Yes, this is not necessary. You can successfully catch pike and pike perch with proven homemade designs. Each garrison has its own preferences regarding gear, so you should not impose someone’s opinion. However, any angler can calmly consider the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed gear.

Zherlitsa on a wooden stand

You can quite simply make a winter vent with your own hands using a wooden stick. It consists of several main elements (photo 2):

Wooden leg. The part serves to hold the entire gear in a vertical position. It is made from a piece of rectangular block or cylindrical stick. The length of the leg can be 300-500 mm, the profile of the bar is 15x15 mm, 15x20 mm or a similar diameter in the case of a stick with a round cross-section. To protect against weather influences, it is better to treat the wood with a paint and varnish material.

Coil. The purpose of the reel is to store a supply of fishing line and release it to the fish at the slightest tug. One of the few pieces of gear that should be purchased in a store. A simple plastic model with a diameter of 65 mm, a width of 20-22 mm, preferably with a handle, will do. To see the rotation of the coil from afar, you should paint one of the sectors of the coil with a contrasting color.

Bracket for mounting the coil. The element is needed to connect the reel to a wooden stand. This important part can be quickly made from any 1 mm thick metal plate. The length of the bracket is 100 mm, width 14 mm, the tongue 10x10 mm is made 15 mm from one of the edges of the element. The holes are drilled with an electric drill, one (5-6 mm) is required for attaching the coil, and the other (3-4 mm) for mounting to a wooden leg.

Spring with flag. This part has two important functions: to keep the gear equipped and to signal a predator’s bite. One of the best materials at hand for making a spring is the spiral of an old alarm clock (photo 3). It is straightened and cut into pieces 300-400 mm long. One edge bends to follow the contour of the coil. The flag is cut out of bright material measuring 100x100 mm. Fastening to the spring is carried out using moisture-resistant glue.

Spring holder. This element tightly connects the spring with the flag to the wooden stand. It can be made from a piece of flexible and soft hose, the inner diameter of which is suitable for the stand (15-18 mm).

Fasteners. To attach the coil to the bracket you need an M5 screw 32-35 mm long, two M5 nuts and 4 washers. 2 washers are placed near the side of the coil, and another 2 washers are placed on both sides of the bracket. By tightening the nuts, you can achieve easy rotation of the coil without jamming or play.

Equipment of the girder

The main elements of the winter girder equipment are:

1. fishing line
2. sinker
3. silicone stopper
4. leash
5. hook.

For catching predators in winter, monofilament fishing line with a diameter of 0.3-0.4 mm is best suited. Soft models that do not have memory are preferable. By using such a fishing line, you can be sure that when biting, spiral loops that can tangle the tackle will not form.

The size of the sinker depends on the size of the live bait and the fishing horizon. A lead sliding olive or pellet weighing 6-10 g is enough to keep small fish in the fishing zone. The silicone stop allows you to quickly change the depth of the sinker. Sometimes the sinker is raised to the hole itself so that the baitfish chooses the optimal water horizon, rich in oxygen.

The leash is used when fishing for pike in confined spaces, for example, in snags or in grass thickets. In other cases, you can catch a predator without a metal leash.

Anglers use different types of hooks, ranging from single hooks to treble hooks. The best solution would be to use a double hook.

To make the equipment easy to transport, you can use any rubber ring. It will securely secure the hook of the fishing rod with the reel, while the fishing line will not unwind or get tangled.

Additional tools

One of the unpleasant disadvantages of fishing with single-post jigs is the difficult installation on the ice. Some fishermen make a tubercle out of crushed ice into which the girder is installed. But it’s better to make a simple device that resembles a brace (photo 4).

Thanks to it, it’s easy to make a small hole next to the hole, where the girder’s leg can comfortably fit.

To make it you will need:

1. wood drill with a diameter of 18-20 mm,
2. steel bar 320-350 mm long with a diameter of 8-10 mm,
3. metal tube 100 mm long, internal diameter 9-12 mm.

The most difficult part will be welding the drill to the rod. After this, all that remains is to place the tube on the rod and make 4 bends of the rod at right angles. For convenience, you can make a support part from a bearing in the upper part.

To prevent the tip of the drill from damaging gear and clothing during transportation, you should make a protective cover from a piece of rubber hose.

Advantages of high-legged gyrations

This winter guard design has a number of important advantages:

1. low cost of gear, which makes it possible to produce a whole arsenal of girders; convenient transportation, since the coil can be moved along the rack (photo 5, 6);
2. excellent visibility of all installed gear from a long distance;
3. a burning flag is visible even in reed windows or in the branches of flooded trees and bushes;
4. maintainability and interchangeability of parts; the coil is always in the air, which prevents it from icing and being covered with snow (photo 7);
5. quick installation and removal of gear.

Making a winter girder with your own hands with a wooden stand is accessible to any fisherman. It is enough to prepare all the components of the future gear in advance in order to assemble 10 working fishing rods for ice fishing for predators in an hour. And the reward for your hard work will be good fishing and a great mood for the fisherman.

Video example of making a similar girder on an aluminum leg from Alexey Romanov

To ensure successful fishing, the fisherman must know everything about the place where he is going to fish. The topography of the reservoir, the presence of snags at the bottom, depth - all these factors influence the successful bite. An indispensable device for choosing a place are depth gauges for fishing. Depth-finding devices are used year-round. But it is especially important to use a depth gauge or echo sounder in winter, when fishing conditions change, and knowledge of the depth can help in determining the location of the fish.

A depth gauge is a special device that allows you to determine with maximum accuracy the depth and topography of your chosen place on a body of water. Every fisherman who feeds fish wants the latter to pay attention to it. To do this, he marks it with color or adds some smells. When placing bait, you need to know that the fish will see it at a distance of 3 ÷ 5 centimeters above the bait. And for this you need to know the depth in the place where you are going to fish.

Homemade devices

Fishing depth gauges are made from various materials.

Made from rubber and pellets

Without further ado, you can make the most simple depth gauge for fishing very simply with your own hands. This design has been known for a long time. We attach a lead pellet to a piece of rubber from a bicycle inner tube and attach this device to a hook. After you have cast a fishing rod with this device, measure the length of the fishing line. This way you can set the optimal hook height above the bottom. Usually it is 5 centimeters.

We use an eraser and fraction

From a lead pear

The next example of a homemade device is made of a lead bulb. There is a loop on the top of this weight. You will have to file the base of the pear, make it flat, so that the pear does not fall over, but sits flat on the bottom. According to the size of the base, cut a circle from cork or elastic and glue it to the sinker. All that remains is to tie it to the fishing line and also measure the bottom in your favorite place.

Line for depth gauge

To determine the depth manually, you must have a separate one. To better measure the fishing line when determining the depth, you can tie knots on the fishing line at equal intervals, and for better visibility, weave multi-colored threads into these knots. Moreover, different colors can be used to mark different distances. Red - half a meter, blue - a meter, green - five meters. By counting the knots, you can quickly determine the depth. In order to freely go under the water, you need to attach a sinker at its end. Better yet, attach a feeder to the end of such a fishing line. Such a fishing rod will perform two functions for you - measure the depth and feed the fish.

Feeder and depth gauge

Electronic depth gauge

If you are not in the mood to DIY, or want to measure depth in a faster and more modern way, then you can do it with an electronic depth gauge. The devices, mostly foreign-made, operate on the principle of an echo sounder. An electronic fishing depth gauge sends ultrasonic pulses and then receives them. The speed of signal propagation in water is 1.5 km per second. The simplest fishing specimens can measure a depth of 60 meters.

Electronic

Principle of operation

The device can measure depth through ice. It will also show the water and air temperature. Unfortunately, you will not be able to find fish using this device. These depth finders are much cheaper than echo sounders. To determine the depth, you need to lower the device's sensor into the hole and press the button. The values ​​will appear on the screen. As you know, fish are able to pick up ultrasonic signals, so it is better to measure the bottom with these devices some time before fishing. Otherwise, the bite may be stopped and the fish may be scared away.

But scientific and technological progress does not stand still. There is a hand-held depth gauge on the market that is already capable of detecting the presence of fish. These models include Fisherman 120 and Fisherman 140. It can work through ice. In water you can turn it in any direction. This model is most adapted to winter conditions. It is protected from water, the screen does not freeze. The pricing policy for such depth gauges is small.

The best depth finder is an echo sounder

But still, the most advanced depth finder is an echo sounder. These modern fishing devices will help you not only measure depth, but also determine the relief, and even detect fish. When choosing this device, you must be guided by your intentions and decide what you need it for. You can use it in the summer, or you can use the echo sounder in the winter. There are no major differences in usage. They just can withstand low temperatures. Winter echo sounders are also more compact, and their design also includes power circuits that operate at low temperatures.

Summer echo sounders can be used both on boats and from the shore. Simpler and cheaper designs can operate at low speed and view the area directly below the boat. Expensive models are built into various swimming devices and are capable of determining depth, terrain, and the presence of fish at high speed. If you are fishing from the shore, then you can throw the echo sounder sensor on a fishing rod, the receiving device will receive the return signal.

Use an echo sounder in winter and summer, and then your catch will probably be richer!

Popular superstition: If a policeman stops you and doesn’t fine you, you won’t get a bite.

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A weighted all-metal feeder of small size can successfully serve as a depth gauge. Previously, these were exclusively home-made designs turned on a lathe, but nowadays such feeders are presented in fishing stores in a sufficient assortment. The compact size of these feeders implies their purpose is to feed bloodworms. In addition, modern fishermen are increasingly using echo sounders to thoroughly study the bottom topography and determine fish locations.

Everything is simple - a depth gauge and a feeder, measured the depth and fed it, the subtleties of design and application.

DEEP GAUGE

This fishing accessory is especially necessary on an unfamiliar body of water, when the angler does not know the bottom topography or depth changes. Often you have to look for the so-called “slope” - a section of the bottom with a slope. It is in such places that fish most often walk. But how to find such a place?

To do this, you need to “probe” the bottom with a depth gauge, that is, measure the depth in different places. And if you find a depth difference of at least a meter or two in a limited area, then drill a hole between these points.

What does it represent depth gauge? How to use it? This is a lead weight, most often cone-shaped, tied to a fishing line with a cross-section of 0.2-0.4 mm and a length of at least 20 meters. For ease of use, the fishing line is wound onto a reel. Empty fishing line spools are suitable for this. A mark is made on the fishing line every meter, starting from the lead weight. Most often this is a piece of insulation from a radio wire about a centimeter long. To prevent these insulation tubes from moving arbitrarily along the fishing line, a knot is made on the fishing line under each of them, which prevents the mark from “sliding” down. Or you can simply tighten the tube tightly with a nylon thread.

For more convenient use, it is advisable to use insulation tubes of different colors. For example, if most of the markers are white, then the marker indicating five meters can be red, and the ten-meter marker can be blue or green. This is convenient because when quickly unwinding the fishing line under the weight of the load, there is no need to count each mark, and start counting only after the “control” of the five-meter (red) mark. And if the depth at the fishing spot is more than ten meters, then you need to count only after the ten-meter mark (painted a certain color).

To determine the depth, grasp the spool with your thumb and forefinger near the center hole. Having placed the load over the hole, you need to slightly unclench your fingers. The freed reel, under the weight of the load, will begin to rotate rapidly until the load reaches the bottom. After this, you need to grab the line at the very surface of the water and lift it. The mark closest to the fingers will immediately show how deep it is. This is the simplest and most accessible sample of a depth gauge. Some anglers are trying to improve it. Insert an axis into the hole of the reel and attach a handle. This is unlikely to be necessary. The depth gauge turns out to be bulky and will take up more space in the drawer.